Polydactyly (toe) deformity
Introduction
Introduction Multi-finger (toe) malformation is a disease of the chromosome, many of which are related to heredity. But this is one of the most common malformations in pediatrics. Only a multi-finger (toe) malformation is a disease of the chromosome, many of which are related to heredity. It is necessary to have a suggested chromosome check in combination with other malformations and/or mental abnormalities.
Cause
Cause
Multi-finger (toe) malformation is a disease of the chromosome, many of which are related to heredity. Mostly unilateral, bilateral involvement only accounts for about 10%. The exact cause of the complexed thumb deformity is unknown, mostly distributed, suggesting that the disease is related to environmental factors and has little to do with genetic factors. For example, mothers in the early 4-8 weeks of pregnancy, embryonic limb buds are affected by viral infections, drugs, radiation and other environmental factors, resulting in finger differentiation disorders and deformities. Multi-finger is divided into three types: unilateral multi-finger (multi-finger before the axis), central multi-finger and ulnar multi-finger (multi-finger after the axis). The exception to the thumb side, which is a variant of the thumb, is that when the thumb is accompanied by three thumbs, some are autosomal dominant.
Examine
an examination
Multi-finger malformation is clear at a glance. For patients with multiple finger deformities, sometimes the finger is wide and only the phalanx or metacarpal is axillary, which needs to be diagnosed by X-ray film. There are no multiple fingers on the outside, and the multi-finger is divided into three types: the unilateral multi-finger (multi-finger before the axis), the central multi-finger and the multi-finger on the ulnar side (multi-finger after the axis). The unilateral side refers to a type of thumb deformity. According to the medical history and clinical physical examination, the diagnosis can be confirmed. The auxiliary examination is mainly to determine the type of multi-finger, toe and bone joint growth of X-ray film, which provides a basis for the choice of treatment plan. For complex and difficult cases, spiral CT examination is also feasible. , three-dimensional reconstruction, to further clarify the type and extent of deformity.
Diagnosis
Differential diagnosis
There are three types of symptoms of multi-finger (toe) malformation, which should be identified:
1. Only extra soft tissue blocks, no bones, joints and tendons.
2. Form the joint with the metacarpal head and the joint of the metacarpal head.
3. Complete multi-finger, since there is a complete metacarpal bone, it is difficult to distinguish which is multi-finger.
diagnosis
1. Multiple fingers occur on the side of the thumb or on the side of the little finger;
2. Multiple fingers of different types, or only one skin, or bifurcation, or a more fully developed finger, including its own phalanx, metacarpal, joint, tendon, nerves and blood vessels, and have certain The function. Tendons and gods are often branches of similar tissues of neighboring fingers;
3. The multiple fingers next to the thumb often have 3 knuckles, and the proximal section is longer, connected to the joint, phalanx or metacarpal. Some of the multiple fingers are similar to the thumb. Although they are not normal, they all have certain functions, and it is difficult to determine the treatment.
4. Multi-finger malformations are often symmetrical, often accompanied by other deformities.
5. X-ray examination is needed to understand the condition of the multi-finger bone and joint and its exact relationship with normal fingers to determine the treatment.
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