Phlebolith
Introduction
Introduction Phlebolith refers to a long-lasting thrombus that fails to soften and is not mechanized. It can occur in the vein with a large amount of calcium deposits.
Cause
Cause
Venous stone is a calcified plaque on the inner wall of the vein. The diameter of the vein does not change but the lumen is narrow due to foreign matter. It may cause poor reflow. It is generally caused by local symptoms that are not too bad for the body. The treatment of venous stones is mainly surgery and interventional therapy.
Venous stone refers to venous thrombosis calcium salt deposition
Examine
an examination
Related inspection
Deep vein patency test venous auscultation center venous pressure measurement (CVP)
X-ray plain film signs of venous thrombosis. Common in pelvic venous plexus and soft tissue hemangioma. X-ray plain film shows that the pelvic venous stone is small, with a circular, circular or concentric circle, and the edges are neat, often multiple and bilateral, and the lower side of the pelvic cavity. The shape of the internal venous stone of the hemangioma is the same as that of the pelvic venous stone, but the size and distribution are uneven, accompanied by soft tissue mass.
Diagnosis
Differential diagnosis
A vein like a blood clot will appear:
1. Blocking blood vessels: When the arterial thrombus does not completely block the lumen, it can cause local organ ischemia and atrophy. If it is completely blocked or causes necessary insufficient blood supply and lacks effective collateral circulation, it can cause local organ deficiency. Bloody necrosis. Such as cerebral arterial thrombosis caused by cerebral infarction, myocardial infarction caused by coronary artery thrombosis, thromboangiitis caused by occlusive vasculitis. After venous thrombosis, if an effective collateral circulation is not established, local congestion, edema, hemorrhage, and even necrosis may occur, such as mesenteric venous thrombosis, which may lead to hemorrhagic infarction. Superficial venous thrombosis of the limb, usually due to the circumflex circulation of the vein, usually does not cause clinical symptoms.
2, embolization: before the thrombus and the blood vessel wall firmly adhered, the whole or part of the thrombus can fall off, forming an embolus, running with the blood flow, causing embolism. If the embolus contains bacteria, it can cause septic infarction or embolic abscess in the embolized tissue.
3, heart valve deformation: heart valve thrombosis, can cause valve adhesion, resulting in valve stenosis, such as fibrous tissue hyperplasia during the mechanical process and scar contraction, can cause valve closure, seen in rheumatic endocarditis and subacute Bacterial endocarditis.
4, the micro-circulation of micro-thrombosis, namely DIC, can cause systemic extensive bleeding and shock.
