Knuckle pads
Introduction
Introduction The knuckle pad is caused by fibrous thickening of the joint side. There is often a family history that is related to heredity. The epidermis is significantly hyperkeratotic, the acanthosis is hypertrophy, the connective tissue of the dermis is hyperplasia, and the individual collagen fibers can also be significantly thickened. The age of onset of the phalanx is often between 15 and 30 years old, and earlier, the lesion can occur for many years without being discovered, so the age of onset cannot be determined. Localized keratinized damage to the flattened or bulged side of the joint between the finger and the toe. The surface is smooth or rough and develops slowly, so it often takes months or years to be discovered. The diameter is 3 to 10 mm, and some bulges are obviously indurated. Common in the proximal interphalangeal joints, but also occurs in the distal interphalangeal joints, the thumb is less common.
Cause
Cause
This disease is caused by fibrous thickening of the joint side. There are no symptoms, the cause is unknown, scattered, often has a family history, and is related to heredity.
Examine
an examination
Histological examination: the epidermis was significantly hyperkeratotic, the acanthosis was thick, the connective tissue of the dermis was hyperplasia, and the individual collagen fibers were thickened.
Diagnosis
Differential diagnosis
According to the location of the disease and the characteristics of the damage, the diagnosis can be made clinically. Sometimes it needs to be differentiated from occupational sputum, which has special occurrences in various occupations.
1. Most common in the proximal interphalangeal joint. The age of onset is generally 15 to 30 years old.
2. The lesion is a flat or bulge-restricted keratinized plaque with a smooth surface and slow development, often not detected for months or years.
3. Histopathology showed that the epidermis was significantly hyperkeratotic and the acanthosis was hypertrophic. The connective tissue of the dermis is hyperplasia, and the individual collagen fibers can also be significantly thickened.
