bipolar
Introduction
Introduction Manic depressive disorder, also known as bipolar Affective Disorder (or bipolar disorder), is a type of emotional illness. Generally speaking, individuals sometimes have symptoms of depression and sometimes symptoms of mania. . Affective disorder or bipolar disorder, that is to say, the individual will have bipolar emotional reactions, one is arrogant and the other is melancholy. When an individual is in the arrogant stage, its appearance is characterized by abnormal emotional excitement, self-expansion, reduced sleep hours, very talkative and multi-talking, often inexhaustible, and their thoughts or thoughts often jump and jump. It is called a flight of ideas. It is easy to be distracted. In terms of behavior, we can see that it is often crazy shopping, regardless of the price of the runaway behavior. When an individual is in a stage of depression, his characteristics are characterized by depression, lack of response or interest in anything, weight change, sleep disturbance, lack of vitality, negative perception or perception, and the like.
Cause
Cause
1. A person's genetic biochemistry and environmental factors play a very important role in the onset and after the disease. The current theory tends to be that some individuals are more prone to brain imbalances (and genetics), and stress events in life are only a proximate cause of the disease, so patients with bipolar disorder have higher hands, feet and children. The proportion of suffering from bipolar disorder.
2. Even though everyone has experienced emotional ups and downs in their daily lives, this is not the same as the emotional ups and downs of bipolar disorder. The latter, in terms of emotional intensity or duration, is much more extreme than normal emotional ups and downs.
Examine
an examination
Related inspection
Neurological examination of cranial nerve examination
1. Excessive emotional excitement, pleasure or depression, and sad expression.
2, full of energy, do not feel the need to sleep.
3, irritability, arguing, easy to conflict with people.
4, too generous, enthusiastic, and spend money.
5, self-recognition ability is very strong or super power.
6, decreased appetite, decreased sexual interest.
7. Slow response and reduced movement.
8, despair, guilty.
9. Have suicidal thoughts or attempts.
Diagnosis
Differential diagnosis
Physical illness
There may be many types of physical diseases related to manic episodes and depressive episodes. Clinically, it is mainly based on the relationship between medical history, physical examination and laboratory tests, and the relationship between mental symptoms and the occurrence, development and outcome of physical diseases. In addition, certain physical illness treatments can also induce manic or depressive episodes.
2. Mental disorders caused by substance or alcohol abuse
Substances (heroin, cocaine, morphine, etc.) or alcohol abuse can induce symptoms similar to mixed episodes. It is mainly based on medical history data and psychoactive substances for qualitative identification.
3. Schizophrenia
There are certain difficulties in the identification of schizophrenia during severe manic episodes. Compared with schizophrenia, manic episodes often start acutely and progress rapidly. The emotional response of patients has a certain relationship with the surrounding environment, which is consistent with the inner experience and is contagious. Generally speaking, the thinking content is not ridiculous. It has certain reality and comprehensibility, and has a consistent emotional background; if it is accompanied by psychotic symptoms, it appears in the peak stage of emotional symptoms, and has a short duration, and disappears intermittently after treatment. Keep relatively intact and have no residual symptoms. Half of the patients have a family history of mood disorders.
The stupor state often occurs in the stage of severe depressive episodes. At this time, it is difficult to identify with the schizophrenia tension type, but the depression and stiffness are often gradual. Before, there is often depression, and the stupor is often incomplete. They are unable to take care of themselves, increased muscle tone, waxy flexion and air pillows, and are not accompanied by mental stress. When you look closely, you can also find that the patient's eyes often maintain a certain communication with the examiner, or tears in the sputum, or a certain response to emotional stimuli, and once the stagnation is relieved, the depressed features of depression are exposed. The characteristics of apathy and psychotic symptoms of schizophrenia form a contrast.
4. Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
Adolescent bipolar disorder manic episodes should be differentiated from ADHD because both have excessive activity and impulsive behavior. However, the age of onset is early, usually begins in childhood, and the course of the disease is chronic rather than seizure. There is no relatively clear beginning and ending, and there are no symptoms such as high mood and psychotic symptoms.
5. Premenstrual tension
Anxiety, mood swings, irritability in premenstrual tension are similar to those in the prodromal phase of mania or depression. The main point of identification is the time limit of symptoms, that is, it has a clear relationship with the menstrual cycle, and spontaneously relieves with the onset of menstruation.
