tumor mass compression
Introduction
Introduction Invasion of tumor cells, compression of tumor mass, hypercalcemia, hyperviscosity syndrome, amyloidosis, and mechanical compression caused by pathological fractures can all be the cause of neurological diseases and symptoms. The symptoms of the nervous system are diverse and can manifest as peripheral neuropathy and nerve root syndrome, as well as central nervous system symptoms. Compressive pathological fractures of the thoracic and lumbar spine can cause paraplegia.
Cause
Cause
Various causes can cause nervous system diseases. The cause of many neurological diseases remains unclear. Essentially a genetic disease. Various environmental and genetic carcinogenic factors cause DNA damage in a synergistic or sequential manner, thereby activating proto-oncogenes and/or inactivating tumor suppressor genes, plus changes in apoptosis-regulating genes and/or DNA repair genes , in turn, causing abnormalities in expression levels, causing transformation of target cells. The transformed cells are mostly clonal hyperplasia, and after a long multi-stage evolution process, one of the clones is relatively unrestricted, and the subclones with different characteristics are selectively formed by additional mutations (heterogeneization). ) to obtain the ability to infiltrate and metastasize (malignant transformation).
Examine
an examination
Related inspection
CT examination of cerebrospinal fluid pathogen examination electromyogram
The diagnosis of nervous system diseases should include localization diagnosis, qualitative diagnosis and etiological diagnosis. It is often necessary to make a localization diagnosis to indicate that the lesion is in a specific part of the nervous system. Lesion syndrome in different parts is the basis for localization diagnosis. Positioning diagnosis often contributes to the decision of the nature of the disease. The etiology of many diseases is unknown, making it difficult to diagnose the cause. In the diagnosis of neurological diseases, medical history and physical examination are very important, cerebrospinal fluid examination and other laboratory tests, EMG, EEG can often provide important clues.
Neurological imaging examination plays an important role in the diagnosis of some diseases, especially after the application of computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging, the application of gas cerebral angiography, ventriculography, cerebral angiography, etc. is greatly reduced. . New technologies such as positron emission tomography, single photon emission computed tomography, transcranial Doppler ultrasonography, quantitative EEG, nervous system evoked potentials, digital subtraction angiography, and nystagmus all contribute to the nervous system. Diagnosis of the disease.
Diagnosis
Differential diagnosis
Many of the causes of nervous system diseases are unknown, and the classification is also very confusing and overlapping. Therefore, it can be roughly classified according to the cause, location, and pathology.
Classified by location:
Divided into central nervous system diseases, peripheral nerve diseases, autonomic diseases and myopathy. Diseases of various parts can be divided into subclasses according to the etiology and pathological changes.
Classified by pathological changes:
Can be divided into degenerative diseases, demyelinating diseases, inflammatory diseases, deformities, bleeding.
Classified by disease:
It is divided into acute (such as epidemic encephalitis, suppurative meningitis) and chronic (mostly).
The diagnosis of nervous system diseases should include localization diagnosis, qualitative diagnosis and etiological diagnosis. It is often necessary to make a localization diagnosis to indicate that the lesion is in a specific part of the nervous system. Lesion syndrome in different parts is the basis for localization diagnosis. Positioning diagnosis often contributes to the decision of the nature of the disease. The etiology of many diseases is unknown, making it difficult to diagnose the cause. In the diagnosis of neurological diseases, medical history and physical examination are very important, cerebrospinal fluid examination and other laboratory tests, EMG, EEG can often provide important clues.
Neurological imaging examination plays an important role in the diagnosis of some diseases, especially after the application of computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging, the application of gas cerebral angiography, ventriculography, cerebral angiography, etc. is greatly reduced. . New technologies such as positron emission tomography, single photon emission computed tomography, transcranial Doppler ultrasonography, quantitative EEG, nervous system evoked potentials, digital subtraction angiography, and nystagmus all contribute to the nervous system. Diagnosis of the disease.
