eye congestion
Introduction
Introduction The concept of general congestion of the eyes is that the eyes are red. When the blood vessels of the bulbar conjunctiva and sclera are dilated and congested under certain conditions, when they are congested or hemorrhage, they may appear white and red. Because the blood supply of different parts of the eye is different, the appearance of the eye congestion is different, and the lesions are not the same. Therefore, eye congestion is a common symptom common to many eye diseases.
Cause
Cause
The cause of eye congestion:
Under normal circumstances, the blood vessels of the bulbar conjunctiva are squatting, in a "sleeping" state, and there is no blood in the blood vessels, so the sclera always looks so white and flawless. When encountering bacteria, viruses, etc., the "sleeping" blood vessels will be immediately "woke" and then expand. Then the red blood swarmed from all sides, and the sclera became red. The most striking symptom of inflamed eyes is redness. For example, acute and chronic conjunctivitis, various keratitis, iridocyclitis, scleritis, glaucoma, and chemical burns of the eyes are the causes of eye congestion. Eyeball congestion is divided into two types: shallow and deep. The former is bright red, called "eye congestion"; the latter is dark red, called "ciliary congestion". Both have a "mixed congestion".
Examine
an examination
Related inspection
Slit lamp ophthalmoscopy anterior chamber depth measurement conjunctival examination iris examination
Examination of eye congestion:
Eye bleeding is mainly caused by other eye diseases:
(1) Acute conjunctivitis:
Cause: It is a common epidemic eye caused by bacteria and viral infection, and it is highly contagious. Symptoms: The onset is urgent, both eyes have a simultaneous or sequential onset, and the affected eyes have tingling, itching, and foreign body sensation. In severe cases, there is photophobia and burning sensation, and vision is generally unaffected.
Symptoms: eyelid swelling, conjunctival congestion, secretions are mostly bacterial, mucinous or purulent. In the morning, the eyes are closed by secretions. Most of the secretions of viral infections are watery, and may be accompanied by corneal lesions, anterior and submandibular lymph nodes and tenderness.
Therapeutic mechanism: The disease is highly contagious. It should be prevented from isolation. Towels and handkerchiefs should not be used with each other. The washbasin should be rinsed and disinfected after use. Keep your eyes clean, rinse with plenty of water for a long time, and use antibiotics and antiviral drugs locally. If there is fever, headache and other systemic symptoms, it should be combined with medical treatment.
(2) Acute iridocyclitis:
Causes: The pathogenesis of the iris ciliary body is very complicated, most of the causes are unknown, and may be related to autoimmune diseases such as rheumatism and tuberculosis, syphilis, and viral infections.
Symptoms: ciliary congestion or mixed congestion, deposits behind the cornea (kp), aqueous humor, iris swelling, dilated or irregular pupils, slow light reflection, part of the iris and lens after adhesion; intraocular pressure is generally normal But sometimes it will increase or decrease, vision loss accompanied by obvious photophobia, tearing, pain, pain can be radiated to the eyebrow arch, ankle and forehead.
Therapeutic mechanism: actively seek the cause and treat the cause. Topical use of 1% atropine eye water expansion, hot compress, hormone eye drops or subconjunctival injection, severe patients need systemic intravenous or oral hormones and taking indomethacin drugs.
(3) keratitis:
Cause: Most keratitis is caused by an external infection. Mild corneal trauma is often the cause of infection. Common pathogens are bacteria, fungi, viruses, etc. In addition, corneal immune dysfunction or malnutrition can cause keratitis. Body shape: eye pain, foreign body sensation, eyelids, fear of light, tearing, sudden drop in vision.
Symptoms: The keratitis caused by different causes has its own characteristics, but the basic symptoms are eyelid edema, obvious conjunctival hyperemia, mixed conjunctival hyperemia with edema, corneal opacity or ulcer formation, sediment after cornea, and accumulation in the anterior chamber. Pus and so on.
Diagnosis
Differential diagnosis
1. Eye history:
Understand whether eye congestion is monocular or both eyes occur simultaneously or sequentially.
With or without secretions, the nature of the secretions is purulent, mucinous, or watery.
There are no irritating symptoms such as tearing or eye pain.
Whether vision is affected or not. If the red eye is onset, bilaterally accompanied by secretions, no irritation, and does not affect vision, consider acute conjunctivitis. If there is no secretion in the eyes, there are no other symptoms, which may be subconjunctival hemorrhage.
If there is redness, visual impairment, and obvious irritation, it may be inflammation of the cornea or iris ciliary body.
If the eye is acute, with eye pain, eyesight, rainbow vision, sharp vision loss, and even nausea and vomiting, may be acute angle-closure glaucoma.
2, physical examination:
Systemic examination, with or without systemic infections, with or without fever, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, blood diseases, etc.
Eye examination, first measure vision to understand whether the eye congestion is an external eye disease or a anterior segment of the eye. Further check whether the red eye is congested, bruised or bleeding. Pay attention to the intraocular pressure, pay attention to the eyelids with or without swelling and inflammation. Detailed examination of the cornea, anterior chamber, iris, pupil, if necessary, combined with intraocular pressure and fundus conditions.
3. Laboratory inspection:
Smear, scraping and culture are useful for the diagnosis of conjunctival and corneal lesions.
4, equipment inspection:
Slit lamp microscopy can understand the shape, size and depth of corneal lesions.
