mucosal damage
Introduction
Introduction Mucosal damage occurs in the oral cavity, the genital gland and the anal membrane and the ocular membrane. It can be associated with skin diseases and systemic diseases. The oral membrane disease is extensive, and it has actually been related to dentistry. Department of dermatology, otolaryngology, internal medicine and many other disciplines. This section outlines and identifies oral membranous diseases from a dermatological perspective. The genital area is not only a common predilection site for sexually transmitted diseases, but also a prone to some skin diseases. As sexually transmitted diseases continue to increase, vulvar diseases are receiving more and more attention, which is also the focus of this section.
Cause
Cause
(1) Infectious diseases
Hard under the soft cancer inguinal granuloma, genital herpes, candida balanitis, amoe balanitis, sexually transmitted lymphogranulomatosis, fungal vaginitis, trichomonas vaginitis. Condyloma acuminata, thrush, gonococcal stomatitis, angular cheilitis, oral skin tuberculosis, rash angina, oral simple pityriasis. Actinomycosis, leprosy lesions, gangrenous balanitis, AIDS tongue hairy or leukoplakia.
(two) allergic diseases
Contact cheilitis, fixed drug eruption, neurovascular watery month.
(3) Physical diseases
Photochemical cheilitis.
(4) Congenital diseases
Adipose gland ectopic disease.
(5) Tumor
Oral granulosa cell tumor, Bowen's disease, proliferative erythema outside the paget disease, hemangioma, lymphangioma, malignant melanoma, vestibular gland cyst, vestibular large adenocarcinoma, leiomyomas, penile squamous cell carcinoma.
(6) Nutritional disorders
Riboflavin deficiency, scurvy, niacin deficiency, vitamin A deficiency, enteropathic dermatitis.
(7) Diseases of unknown etiology
Acute female genital ulcer, penile pearl-like papulosis, female genital pseudo-condyloma, erosive balanitis, plasma cell balanitis, vaginal leukoplakia, hard wilting, exfoliative cheilitis, glandular cheilitis, granulomatous cheilitis Recurrent aphthous ulcers.
(eight) syndrome
Reiter mouth syndrome, Sjogren's syndrome, self-sufficiency syndrome, facial swelling scrotal tongue syndrome.
(9) Diseases manifested by favorable membranes for skin diseases and systemic diseases
Glossy moss, flat moss, acne, erythema multiforme, drug eruption, lupus, pemphigus. The pathogenesis of facial membrane and external genital diseases is complicated by the etiology, and the symptoms are various and difficult to be unified. This section describes some pathogenesis of each disease in the differential diagnosis, and please refer to the cause classification.
Examine
an examination
Related inspection
Gastric mucosa biopsy nasal mucosa and nasal secretions ectopic gastric mucosa imaging
(1) medical history
The etiology of mucosal diseases is complex and manifests in a variety of ways. A deep understanding of the medical history is helpful for diagnosis. The medical history includes the patient's age, occupation, gender, sexual contact history, and systemic disease history.
(2) Physical examination
Mucosal damage is not a symptom. It is a variety of symptoms or signs at a certain site of the disease. Disease diagnosis can be considered according to the location of the disease. Each disease site has a common set of diseases, and the diagnosis is determined by the nature of the damage. In addition, the new membrane site is not as intuitive as the skin. It should be noted that the lesion should be fully exposed, and the light should be sufficient, especially in the vulva and vagina. It should also pay attention to other parts with or without skin lesions.
(3) Laboratory inspection
There are many kinds of laboratory tests for mucosal diseases, which should be considered in combination with etiology. For example, infectious diseases can be diagnosed by bacteriology, viral diseases can be identified by virus culture, histopathology can provide a basis for diagnosis of tumors, and sexually transmitted diseases can also be examined in many aspects. For example, syphilis serological tests, PCR tests can be used for the diagnosis of a variety of diseases, and mycological examinations contribute to the diagnosis of fungal diseases.
Diagnosis
Differential diagnosis
Differential diagnosis
1. Bleeding point of mucous membrane: The bleeding point of mucous membrane is caused by hemostasis or blood coagulation disorder of the body. It is usually characterized by spontaneous bleeding of systemic or localized skin and mucous membrane or difficult to stop bleeding after injury.
2. Skin mucosa: The bloody skin between the skin, the skin showing cyanosis spots or plaques, called purple spot, also known as tendon.
3. The skin mucous membrane is pale: common in anemia, and after large blood loss, indicating insufficient blood volume and decreased hemoglobin.
