hematogenous spread
Introduction
Introduction Hematogenous dissemination: Mycobacterium tuberculosis invades the bloodstream and spreads through the bloodstream. If the amount of bacteria entering the bloodstream is small and the body's immunity is strong, it will not cause obvious lesions. If a large number of bacteria invade the bloodstream and the body's immunity is weak, it can cause blood-borne tuberculosis. It is one of the types of tuberculosis. The elderly were infected with tuberculosis in adolescence, because the body's disease resistance was strong, and it did not cause disease. In the old age, due to the decline of immunity, the latent physical tuberculosis was multiplied and the disease occurred, and most of the disease occurred.
Cause
Cause
Causes
The infection rate and morbidity rate of the elderly are on the rise, and the relevant factors are considered:
1. Endogenous re-ignition: The elderly infected with tuberculosis in adolescence, because the body's ability to resist disease at the time, did not cause the disease, to the elderly in the elderly due to decreased immunity, so that latent physical tuberculosis bacteria grow and grow, most This disease.
2. Prolonged lesions: The elderly suffer from tuberculosis in the young and middle-aged period and the lesions are delayed until the old age.
3. Recurrence: Tuberculosis in young and middle-aged patients, the treated lesions are stable, and the unkilled tuberculosis is in a state of temporary dormancy. In the old age, due to age, the immune function is reduced, and the elderly often suffer from various diseases or Malnutrition, the body's immune function is more reduced, or some elderly people in the treatment of other diseases in the application of corticosteroids or immunosuppressive agents, but also reduce immune function, causing dormancy of tuberculosis repopulation, leading to recurrence of tuberculosis .
4. In the old age, the disease resistance is low, and the tuberculosis invade repeatedly and the disease occurs.
Examine
an examination
Related inspection
Blood test chest radiograph
Examination and diagnosis of blood channel dissemination
1. TB test: the most specific method for the diagnosis of tuberculosis. Thick smear acid-fast staining microscopy is quick and easy, with high positive rate and few false positives. It is generally recommended. A positive diagnosis is provided by the positive acid-fast bacilli. It is estimated that the minimum concentration of tuberculosis is 10/ml, and 50% to 80% of tuberculosis patients are positive for sputum. Tuberculosis culture can be identified with other acid-fast bacilli, unless the chemotherapeutic test positive test is negative, and the sensitivity and specificity of untreated tuberculosis culture are higher than the smear test.
2. The lignin test: The sputum is a metabolite of tuberculosis, and the main component is tuberculosis protein, which is prepared from human tuberculosis filtrate grown in liquid medium. Older trophic (OT) antigens are impure and can cause non-specific reactions. Pure protein derivative (PPD) is superior to OT. PPD-S prepared by precipitation with sulfuric acid is designated as the international standard for mammals by WHO, and WHO has appointed the name of PPF-RT-32 (added Tween80 stabilizer). The knots are widely used internationally.
Diagnosis
Differential diagnosis
Bloodway dissemination confusing symptoms
Implantation metastasis: Implantation metastasis refers to the tumor of the internal organs of the body cavity. When the tumor spreads to the surface of the organ, the tumor cells can fall off and the liquid in the body cavity is planted on the surface of other body cavity organs. Metastasis.
Retrograde dissemination of cancer cells: it is one of the main symptoms of colorectal cancer tumor invasion and metastasis. Colorectal cancer is a general term for colon cancer and rectal cancer. Colorectal cancer refers to the mucosal epithelium of the large intestine that occurs under the influence of various carcinogenic factors such as environment or genetics. The malignant lesions have a poor prognosis and a high mortality rate. Colorectal cancer is a malignant tumor of the large intestinal mucosal epithelium. It is one of the most common malignant tumors of the digestive tract.
