heart malformation
Introduction
Introduction More common in congenital heart malformations, congenital heart malformations are congenital heart disease, is one of the common malformations of the fetus, the incidence rate is about 0.4-0.8%. Most chromosomal abnormalities of the fetus, combined with many fetuses with severe deformities, have a cardiac malformation. At present, congenital heart disease accounts for the first cause of death in newborns and children.
Cause
Cause
1) Genetic factors: Many chromosomal abnormalities and genetic syndromes are associated with cardiac malformations, and 25-30% of the fetuses we found to have cardiac malformations before birth are chromosomal abnormalities.
2) External factors: exposure to certain substances or drugs during pregnancy, such as alcohol, lithium, vitamin A, anticonvulsants, reaction stop, steroids, amphetamines, anesthetics and oral contraceptives or large doses of radiation, fetal heart malformations The opportunity is about 1:50.
3) Biological factors: intrauterine infection rubella virus, cytomegalovirus, coxsackie virus may cause fetal heart malformation.
4) Immunity factors: Pregnant women with diabetes have five times the chance of fetal heart malformation.
Examine
an examination
Related inspection
ECG dynamic electrocardiogram (Holter monitoring)
Prenatal diagnosis: The easiest and safest method of congenital heart malformation is fetal echocardiography. Because prenatal observation of the fetal heart is affected by many factors, and prenatal echocardiography has certain limitations, the prenatal diagnosis rate of congenital heart malformation is currently only maintained at about 40%. Increasing the prenatal diagnosis rate of congenital heart malformation is one of the methods to reduce neonatal mortality and improve the survival rate of perinatal children.
Diagnosis
Differential diagnosis
Cardiac malformations need to be identified as follows:
If the fetal congenital heart malformation is diagnosed before birth, it must first be judged whether it is mild or severe. The former is like a small ventricular defect in the ventricle. Some cases will heal automatically in the uterus, while others will be in the uterus for a while (usually Automatically healed within 2 years without any medication or surgery. If it is a severe heart malformation, for the baby's happiness and the principle of prenatal and postnatal care, it can be aborted within 24 weeks of pregnancy. If you must give birth to this baby, you should arrange a pediatric cardiology or cardiac surgeon in advance. In case of timely treatment after birth and handling emergencies.
