Knee bruise
Introduction
Introduction Knee injury is a kind of soft tissue injury. Soft tissue injury refers to the skin, subcutaneous shallow fascia, muscle, tendon, tendon sheath, ligament, joint capsule, slippery body caused by various acute trauma or chronic strain and pathology of the disease. Pathological damage of tissues such as the sac, intervertebral disc, and peripheral nerve vessels. Clinical symptoms: 1. Pain: related to the nature and extent of violence, the distribution of nerves at the injured site, and the strength of the inflammatory response. 2. Swelling: due to bleeding in the local soft tissue or (and) inflammatory reaction exudation. 3. dysfunction: an obstacle that causes limb function or activity 4. Wounds or wounds: According to the nature and extent of the violence, there may be wounds or skin abrasions of different depths.
Cause
Cause
Due to a bumpy bump. Symptoms of local swelling, tenderness, blood stasis, limited knee joint activity, tenderness at the broken site, can touch the depression and can smell bone. The treatment should be done by hand. For example, if there is more blood in the knee joint, you can puncture and absorb blood stasis, go to the knee, wash it with damage, and work with function. Mainly due to trauma, related to their usual activities. It is easy to damage when doing intense activities.
Examine
an examination
Related inspection
Serum osteocalcin (BGP)
The size, shape, bleeding, degree of injury and extent of the wound, whether the skin has ecchymoses, blisters, whether the skin temperature changes, the circulation of the finger (toe), the ischemic necrosis of the muscle, whether the injured limb is swollen, the skin Nervous and hard, can move, have feelings of disability.
1. Inquire about the time, cause and injury of the injury, whether it is a crush injury, whether there is urine closure, oliguria and hematuria after the injury; what kind of treatment has been treated, and how effective it is.
2. Pay attention to the presence or absence of shock or other parts of the body, with or without crush syndrome (acute renal failure characterized by limb or trunk swelling, myoglobinuria and hyperkalemia).
3. Investigate the injured part, pay attention to the size, shape, bleeding, degree of injury and extent of the wound, whether the skin has ecchymoses, blisters, whether the skin temperature changes, the circulation of the finger (toe), and whether the muscle is ischemic. Necrosis, whether the injured limb is swollen, the skin is tight and hard, can be active, and there is no sensory disturbance.
4. Severe trauma (including crush injury) or severe systemic symptoms should be checked daily for blood and urine routine, and urine volume should be recorded. If necessary, blood and urine biochemical tests (including myoglobin), electrocardiogram and renal function should be performed.
Diagnosis
Differential diagnosis
Differential diagnosis of knee injury:
1. Knee sprain: Sprain refers to the damage of soft tissues (such as muscles, tendons, ligaments, blood vessels, etc.) in the joints or body parts of the limbs, without fractures, dislocations, and broken flesh. The main clinical manifestations are painful swelling and joint movement limitation at the injury site, which occur mostly in the waist, ankle, knee, shoulder, wrist, elbow, hip and other parts.
2, humeral fissure: the humerus is the largest sesamoid in the human body and is also an integral part of the knee joint. The humeral fissure is medically known as a crack fracture and is one of the types of humeral fractures.
3, humeral bruises, kicks, etc.: fractures are mostly comminuted, and the aponeurosis and joint capsules on both sides of the temporal aponeurosis and iliac crest are mostly intact, and can also be transverse fractures. Indirect violence, mostly due to the quadriceps contraction, the resulting traction injury, such as sudden slip, knee flexion, quadriceps contraction, tendon bone upward, patellar ligament fixation lower part of the humerus, And caused a fracture of the tibia. Indirect violence is a transverse fracture, with large displacement, and severe tearing of the anterior fascia and bilateral dilatation.
