microcirculation disorder
Introduction
Introduction Microcirculation is the blood circulation in the capillaries between the arterioles and venules, and is the most basic structural and functional unit in the circulatory system. It includes bodily fluid circulation in the arterioles, venules, capillary lymphatic vessels, and tissue ducts. Every organ in the human body, each tissue cell must provide oxygen and nutrients from the microcirculation, transfer energy, exchange information, and eliminate carbon dioxide and metabolic waste. Once the microcirculation of the human body is impeded, its corresponding tissue system or internal organs will be affected and unable to function normally, which will easily lead to aging, immune function disorder and disease.
Cause
Cause
Under normal circumstances, the microcirculation blood flow is adapted to the metabolic level of human tissues and organs, so that the physiological functions of various organs in the human body can be operated normally. Because human capillaries are extremely thin and extremely long, and the blood flow rate is extremely slow, it can only flow 0.41 mm per second. In such long blood vessels, impurities are often turbid in the blood, such as cholesterol, alcohol, nicotine, drug residues, chemical residues, etc., which not only make the blood vessel wall thicker, but sometimes often block the blood vessels, resulting in poor blood running. Therefore, if the human body does not pay attention to health prevention, the microcirculation is prone to obstacles, stasis, and the metabolism cannot be performed normally, and the function of the body is degraded, and the disease is caused when it is severe.
Examine
an examination
Related inspection
Cardiovascular angiography chest MRI bone and soft tissue CT examination brain CT examination gastrointestinal CT examination
Inspection Method:
Direct observation of the human microcirculation is a wrinkle, eye conjunctiva, tongue, lip, etc., in the animal can also observe the microcirculation of the pia mater, mesentery and other parts. Direct observation of capillary morphology, blood flow properties, blood flow velocity, blood flow, and measurement of capillary diameters using instruments such as living biological microscopes:
First, the examination of nailfold microcirculation: nail wrinkles refers to the skin wrinkles covering the root of the nail, the surface is squamous epithelium, the nipple of the dermis is visible under the L skin, and each nipple has one or a few scorpion-like capillaries. Blood vessels, called capillaries. Inspection method: Check the left ring finger of a ship, the inspection contents include:
1. The shape of the tube row:
(l) The degree of clarity, arrangement, shape, number, length, caliber, ratio of input and output, nipple venous plexus, and wall tension.
(2) The (blood) flow state of the tube meter, mainly to observe the blood flow color, blood flow state, accompanying blood flow, and blood flow rate measurement.
(3) Whether there is oozing or bleeding around the tube row.
(4) The reaction of tube mixing on cold, heat, acupuncture, drugs and other stimuli.
2. Under normal blood flow conditions, the outline of the tube row is clear and arranged neatly in a booklet shape. The diameter of the input branch is about 1 to 3 red blood cells, and the output is 1 to 5 red blood cells. The ratio of the input to the output branch is 1:1.5~2, and the blood in the tube is bright red, the blood flow is uniform, and the line is continuous, and the blood flow velocity in the god can be measured.
Second, the eye conjunctiva microcirculation examination: the microcirculation of the conjunctiva of the eye has the following characteristics: the superficial and conjunctival microvessels of the eye can be directly observed, the color of the bulbar conjunctiva is white, and the blood contrast in the capillaries is good, easy to observe; in one field of view At the same time, the arteries and venules and capillaries are seen; secretions on the conjunctiva can wet the conjunctiva at any time. Generally, using a slit mirror or a biological microscope, the conjunctiva of the left eye is removed from the left eye, and the clear part of the blood vessel is selected for observation. Observation content:
1, microvascular morphology:
(1) The arterioles and venules are nearly parallel and the blood flow direction is opposite. In the arteriole, the blood flow rate is fast, the vein is slightly slow, the arteriole is running away, and the venule is wavy.
(2) Measurement of micro-arteriovenous and capillary caliber, the ratio of micro-artery to venule caliber is 1:3.
(3) Whether or not the microvessels are thickened (tumor-like enlargement). The normal microvessels are smooth from the arterial wall, thick and thin, and then gradually thickened, and there should be no tumor-like enlargement.
(4) The number of capillary network intersections is counted in a fixed area of about 1 mm2, and the number of capillaries intersecting the boundary (blood vessels) in this area is counted, and the normal value is not more than five.
2, blood flow:
(l) Blood color: It should be bright red under normal conditions.
(2) Blood flow velocity: As with the nail wrinkle microcirculation test, the oscilloscope spot scanning method is used to track the measurement.
(3) Red blood cell aggregation: in the microcirculation of the bulbar conjunctiva. It is easy to see different degrees of aggregation of red blood cells. The aggregation is generally divided into I, II, III degrees or light, medium and heavy.
Diagnosis
Differential diagnosis
Differential diagnosis of microcirculatory disorders:
Microcirculatory disorders need to identify which system has a microcirculatory disorder.
1. When microcirculation disorders occur in the nervous system, brain cells do not get enough nutrients and oxygen. At the same time, cell metabolites cannot be completely excreted due to insufficient blood supply, which can lead to headache, dizziness, insomnia, multiple dreams, memory loss, and severe cases. Stroke, hemiplegia, senile dementia, etc.
2, when the cardiovascular system occurs microcirculatory disorders, the heart cells are undernourished, myocardial hypoxia, leading to chest tightness, palpitation, angina, arrhythmia, severe myocardial infarction.
3. When microcirculatory disorders occur in the respiratory system, chest tightness, shortness of breath, cough, asthma, bronchitis, etc. may occur.
4, when the digestive system occurs microcirculation disorders, the gastrointestinal absorption function is not good, the occurrence of nutritional disorders, facial yellow muscle thin, diarrhea or constipation, severe gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer.
5, when the microcirculation disorder occurs in the endocrine system, it can lead to various hormone secretion disorders, leading to hyperthyroidism, diabetes, mastitis, lobular hyperplasia.
6, when the genitourinary system microcirculation disorders, leading to nephritis, renal failure, female pelvic inflammatory disease, irregular menstruation, male prostatitis, cystitis and so on.
7. In addition, improving the microcirculation of the face, increasing the supply of nutrients, and accelerating the discharge of metabolites can delay the aging of the skin and maintain the vitality of the skin.
At present, medical research, human aging, illness and dysfunction are related to microcirculatory dysfunction. This is a well-recognized doctrine.
