signs of sepsis
Introduction
Introduction The sign of sepsis is that bacteria invade the blood and rapidly grow and multiply, causing symptoms of systemic infection. The onset of the disease is that it begins a severe chill, and continues to have a high fever of 40-41 °C, accompanied by sweating, headache, nausea, vomiting, abdominal distension and subcutaneous bleeding. In severe cases, blood pressure drops and shocks. Blood is drawn for bacterial culture and a large number of bacteria can be found. Common Staphylococcus aureus, hemolytic streptococcus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, meningococcus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus, Salmonella, Klebsiella and so on.
Cause
Cause
Various pathogenic bacteria can cause sepsis. Common Staphylococcus aureus, hemolytic streptococcus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, meningococcus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus, Salmonella, Klebsiella and so on. When the body's resistance is reduced, bacteria with less pathogenicity or conditional pathogens such as Staphylococcus epidermidis can also cause sepsis. In recent years, pathogenic bacteria have changed, and the sepsis caused by Gram-positive cocci has decreased, while those caused by Gram-negative bacilli, anaerobic bacteria and fungi have increased year by year, which is related to vessel intubation, foreign body in the body, etc. The development of new medical technologies has a certain relationship with the excessive application of antibiotics.
Examine
an examination
Related inspection
Bacterial identification bacteriological test blood routine
Therefore, patients with clinical signs of sepsis should be examined:
First, physical examination
Taking a medical history gives us a first impression and revelation, and also guides us to a concept of the nature of the disease.
Second, laboratory inspection
Laboratory tests, such as blood routine, urine routine, bacterial culture test, etc., are summarized and analyzed based on objective materials learned from medical history and physical examination, and several possible diagnosis possibilities are proposed, and then further consideration is given to those actual examination rooms. Check to confirm the diagnosis.
Diagnosis
Differential diagnosis
Differential diagnosis of signs of sepsis:
A, aplastic anemia: aplastic anemia referred to as aplastic anemia. It is a group of syndromes in which hematopoietic disorders caused by various causes lead to a decrease in the total volume of red bone marrow, which is replaced by fat marrow, hematopoietic failure, and complete blood cell reduction.
B, myelodysplastic syndrome: Myelodysplastic syndrome is currently considered to be a hematopoietic dysfunction caused by abnormal proliferation and differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells. Mainly manifested as peripheral blood whole blood cell reduction, bone marrow cell proliferation, mature and immature cells have morphological abnormalities that are pathological hematopoiesis.
C. Malignant histiocytosis: Malignant histiocytosis (malignant group) is a malignant proliferative disease of tissue cells in a mononuclear-macrophage system. Clinical manifestations are characterized by fever, hepatosplenomegaly, swollen whole blood cells, and progressive failure.
D, idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura: idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is the most common hemorrhagic disease in children (46/1 million), the adult incidence rate is about 38/100,000. It is characterized by spontaneous bleeding, thrombocytopenia, prolonged bleeding time and poor clot systole. The development of megakaryocytes in the bone marrow is inhibited.
1. History of infection.
2. Acute onset, chills and high fever, high temperature fluctuations, more sweating, general progressive failure, and may have large joint pain. Those with severe symptoms of poisoning may have paralysis, coma and shock.
3. Liver, splenomegaly, skin and mucous membranes, may have jaundice, anemia.
4. Migratory lesions (more common in pyogenic bacteria, especially Staphylococcus aureus infection).
5. The total number of white blood cells and neutrophils, decreased or disappeared of acidic granulocytes, severe infection or some Gram-negative infections, the total number of white blood cells can be reduced.
6. Stasis, spotted smear to find bacteria.
7. Blood or bone marrow culture is positive, and the polluted person can be diagnosed.
