livedo reticularis
Introduction
Introduction The livedoreticularis is a skin-limited purple-blue reticular bluish that occurs due to local vasomotor dysfunction of the skin, resulting in the expansion of small arteriolar spasm and small veins, and stagnant blood. It is divided into primary and secondary. Primary reticular leukoplakia occurs in normal children and young women. Reticulated bleu is often found in the exposed parts of the limbs, such as the hands, forearms, ankles and calves. Along with the entire limb, a small number of patients can also occur in the face and torso. The patient is afraid of cold, cold feelings, swelling and paresthesia during the attack, frequent episodes in the cold season, rare episodes in the warm season, and obvious spots when the limbs sag, and the markings are alleviated or disappeared when lifted or touched by hand.
Cause
Cause
Reasons for reticular bluish:
1. The cause of primary reticular leukoplakia is unclear.
2. Secondary reticular leukoplakia can be secondary to a variety of diseases, the pathogenesis of which is unclear. The most common diseases are autoimmune rheumatism (nodular periarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, temporal arteritis), arteriosclerosis, and increased blood viscosity (true polycythemia) , thrombocytosis, cold agglutinin, cryoglobulinemia, macroglobulinemia, etc.), venous reflux disorders (superficial phlebitis, cutaneous vasculitis, etc.), as well as burns, radiant heat damage, congenital Telangiectasia, etc.
Examine
an examination
Related inspection
Blood routine erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) Whole blood cell count Urine conventional antinuclear antibody (ANA) or antinuclear factor (ANF)
Laboratory examination of reticular bluish:
1. Laboratory examination of primary reticular leukoplakia is generally normal.
2. Secondary reticular leukoplakia, such as secondary to lupus erythematosus, may have complete blood cell reduction, accelerated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, positive antinuclear antibody and increased immunoglobulin.
Diagnosis
Differential diagnosis
Differential diagnosis of reticular bluish:
1. Raynaud's disease: more common in women. It originates from the hand and is rare in the foot. Onset, the hands and feet are cold, the skin color is pale, cyanosis and flushing three-phase changes, often accompanied by numb acupuncture. During the interstitial interval, the finger (toe) may have pain and burning sensation. Due to long-term recurrent episodes, dystrophic dysfunction, superficial necrosis or ulceration on the fingertips, the pain is more severe. In particular, the change in skin color is different from the reticular bluish.
2. Hand and foot cyanosis: the skin of the hands and feet continues to be symmetrical, the touch is wet and cold, and the winter is aggravated. It occurs mostly in young women, and the pulse of the affected limb is normal.
