intractable hiccup
Introduction
Introduction The diaphragmatic tendon, also known as hiccup, is a paroxysmal spasm that causes one or both diaphragms to be stimulated by the diaphragm, phrenic nerve, vagus nerve or central nervous system, accompanied by a sudden closing of the glottis during inhalation, giving a special sound that is short and loud. . If the sputum is not stopped for more than 48 hours, it is called refractory diaphragmatic tendon, also called intractable hiccup (IH). If the diaphragmatic episode continues, it can seriously affect normal work and rest. If the patient is accompanied by cardiopulmonary disease, the respiratory function will also have a great impact.
Cause
Cause
Cause:
Continuity or intractable hiccups are often caused by emergencies such as encephalopathy, uremia, and diabetes with ketotoxicity. There are also many serious diseases that can also cause intractable hiccups. It is particularly worth mentioning that if a critically ill person has an intractable hiccup, it often indicates a poor prognosis.
Examine
an examination
Related inspection
Abdominal MRI examination of trace elements in human body
diagnosis:
1. Systemic and neurological manifestations: Pay attention to the presence or absence of vital signs, local signs and meningeal irritation.
2. Local manifestations: signs of head and neck, chest, abdomen, inflammation of various parts and the presence or absence of tumors.
3. And other related examinations, such as chest X-ray, brain MRI blood glucose monitoring, pH, gastroscopy and so on. And the dialectical treatment of Chinese medicine, etc., to find an experienced, mainly dialectical treatment.
Diagnosis
Differential diagnosis
Differential diagnosis of intractable hiccups:
1. Central hiccups: more common in neurological brain lesions, such as encephalitis, brain tumors, hydrocephalus, meningitis and cerebrovascular accidents. These lesions affect the medulla and cause frequent hiccups, indicating signs of deterioration. In addition, there are psychogenic and toxic hiccups. Psychogenicity is common in patients with rickets, mostly caused by mental stimulation or bad cues. Various clinical symptoms such as sensation, movement disorder, internal organs and autonomic dysfunction, and mental disorders may occur, which may be caused by suggestion or disappear. Patients are often characterized by cues and good emotions. This type of hiccup often occurs at a certain time, and the sound is quite loud, although it is continuous but not painful. Toxic hiccups can be found in uremia, acute and chronic alcoholism, and systemic infections with significant toxemia, such as typhoid and toxic dysentery.
2. Peripheral hiccup: mainly caused by stimulation of the vagus nerve and phrenic nerve. Gastrointestinal, peritoneal, pleural, and sputum lesions are the main causes of hiccups.
