Subscalp hematoma
Introduction
Introduction The scalp hematoma is mostly caused by blunt trauma and scalp. Generally, the smaller scalp hematoma does not require special treatment, and it can absorb itself after about 1 to 2 weeks. Large hematoma often requires puncture and local compression and dressing, which can be cured by one or several treatments. Puncture treatment is not effective, when the hematoma does not disappear or continue to increase, it can be cut open to remove the hematoma and stop bleeding. For subperiosteal hematoma with skull fractures, attention should be paid to the possibility of intracranial hematoma. All infected hematomas need to be cut open. The head is bluntly externally wounded, such as by stones, wooden sticks or irons. The epidermis of the trauma is not damaged, and a large bag is quickly formed. This is the scalp hematoma.
Cause
Cause
The scalp hematoma is mostly caused by blunt trauma and scalp. Generally, the smaller scalp hematoma does not require special treatment, and it can absorb itself after about 1 to 2 weeks. Large hematoma often requires puncture and local compression and dressing, which can be cured by one or several treatments. Puncture treatment is not effective, when the hematoma does not disappear or continue to increase, it can be cut open to remove the hematoma and stop bleeding. For subperiosteal hematoma with skull fractures, attention should be paid to the possibility of intracranial hematoma. All infected hematomas need to be cut open. The head is bluntly externally wounded, such as by stones, wooden sticks or irons. The epidermis of the trauma is not damaged, and a large bag is quickly formed. This is the scalp hematoma. The scalp is usually divided into five layers, from the outside to the inside, the skin, subcutaneous tissue, cap-shaped diaphragm, subconjunctival layer and periosteum. The hematoma formed by rupture of the scalp after head trauma is usually divided into subcutaneous cutaneous hematoma, subarachnoid hematoma and subperiosteal hematoma.
Examine
an examination
Related inspection
Brain CT examination blood test
Subcutaneous hematoma is generally small in size, sometimes due to swelling and swelling of the tissue surrounding the hematoma, and the center is instead concave. It is easy to mistakenly believe that the depressed skull fracture needs to be identified by skull x-ray film. The subarachnoid hematoma can spread to the entire head due to loose tissue, and children and infirm can cause shock or anemia. The characteristics of subperiosteal hematoma are limited to the range of Lai's skull, bounded by the suture, and found after the skull is damaged, such as birth injury.
According to the specific level of hematoma appearing in the scalp, it can be divided into subcutaneous hematoma, subarachnoid hematoma and subperiosteal hematoma.
1. Subcutaneous hematoma: Because the connection between the subcutaneous tissue and the skin layer and the aponeurotic layer is tight, the hematoma in this layer is not easy to spread and the scope is limited. The soft tissue around the hematoma is swollen, and there is a sense of depression and tenderness. It is easy to be confused with the sag fracture. Sometimes it needs to be confirmed by X-ray examination of the skull.
2. Capular subdural hematoma: caused by rupture of small arteries or blood vessels in this layer. The lower layer of the aponeurotic aponeurosis is loose, and the hematoma easily spreads and even spreads to the entire lower layer of the aponeurotic aponeurosis. The blood content can be as much as several hundred milliliters, the tension is low, and the pain is light.
3. Subperiosteal hematoma: bleeding is mostly caused by platelet hemorrhage or periosteal stripping. The range is limited to the bone seam and the texture is hard.
Diagnosis
Differential diagnosis
Should be differentiated from hair hematoma diagnosis: scalp hematoma introduction: scalp hematoma caused by blunt trauma and scalp.
