Rust-colored phlegm
Introduction
Introduction is a respiratory secretion, and healthy people only secrete a small amount of white mucus per day. Under normal circumstances, the ciliated epithelium of the respiratory tract has the function of removing foreign bodies and mucus. After some respiratory diseases or chest surgery, the quality and color of the sputum will change. We can judge the severity and nature of the disease by observing the color change of sputum. . Rust-colored sputum is common in lobar pneumonia, and lobar pneumonia is mainly caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae. The lesion involves a lung tissue above the lung segment, and acute inflammation is mainly caused by diffuse cellulose exudation in the alveoli. The lesion begins in the local alveoli and spreads rapidly to a segment of the lung or to the entire lobules. Clinically, the onset is rapid, often starting with high fever and aversion to cold, followed by chest pain, cough, cough and rust, difficulty breathing, and signs of lung consolidation and increased white blood cell count in peripheral blood. The course of the disease lasted about a week, the body temperature plummeted and the symptoms disappeared. The disease mostly occurs in young men. Common causes of illness are cold, tired or rain. It belongs to the category of "wind temperature" and "lung sputum" of Chinese medicine.
Cause
Cause
Most or all of the large lobe of the lung caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, acute inflammation mainly caused by diffuse cellulose exudation in the alveoli. In addition to pneumococci, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, hemolytic streptococcus, Haemophilus influenzae can also cause lobar pneumonia. Cold, fatigue, drunkenness, colds, and anesthesia can be the cause of lobar pneumonia. At this time, the defense function of the respiratory tract is weakened, the body's resistance is reduced, and bacterial infection is prone to occur. The bacteria invade the alveoli and reproduce within it, especially the formation of serous exudate is more conducive to bacterial reproduction, causing abnormalities in the lung tissue. The reaction, alveolar septal telangiectasia, increased permeability, and the bacteria spread rapidly through the alveolar space or respiratory bronchus to the adjacent lung tissue, thus spreading the entire large leaf, the spread between the large leaves is the carrier exudate through the leaves Caused by bronchial dissemination.
Examine
an examination
Related inspection
Lung and pleural percussion lung and pleural auscultation chest radiograph
1. There are often incentives such as cold, rain, fatigue or upper respiratory tract infection. Rapid onset, chills, high fever, chest pain, cough, sputum mucopurulent sputum, bloody sputum or rust stains. Patients with a wide range of lesions have shortness of breath and cyanosis, and some patients have gastrointestinal symptoms.
2. At present, it is more common in early or atypical cases, and the chest signs are not obvious. Typical percussion is voiced, tremor, speech enhancement, bronchial breath sounds and wet snoring.
3. The blood white blood cell count and neutrophils increased significantly, and the number of serious infections or old and weak people may not be high, but the neutral ratio is still high. Streptococcus pneumoniae can be found in sputum smear and sputum culture.
4. The chest X-ray examination is a uniform light shadow in the early stage, and the large leaf becomes a uniform and dense shadow, which is mostly distributed in leaves and segments.
Can be diagnosed according to the above four points.
Diagnosis
Differential diagnosis
The diagnosis should be differentiated from the following symptoms:
1. Cough chocolate sputum is mucus secreted by the mucous membranes of the respiratory tract (bronchial, tracheal, larynx, and nose). Under normal circumstances, the mucous membrane of the respiratory tract secretes a small amount of mucus to maintain the moisturization of the respiratory tract. The dipping solution can also act as a barrier. It can stick to germs and dust, foreign matter, etc. that invade the respiratory tract. Because there is a large amount of "lysozyme" in the mucus, it can kill the bacteria. Normal people generally do not cough, only a few people get up early in the morning can have a small amount of sputum cough, its color is clear and transparent, is a normal phenomenon. When the respiratory tract changes abnormally, or at different times of the same disease, the amount, quality, taste, etc. of the sputum changes. Therefore, if you carefully observe these changes in your daily life, you can distinguish the disease. Reddish-brown or chocolate-colored sputum, seen in the amebic disease of the lung caused by the amoebic abscess that penetrates into the lungs.
2. The main symptoms of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis in coughing brown sputum are wheezing (96%), hemoptysis (85%), sputum (80%), fever (68%), chest pain (55%) And cough up the brown sputum (54%). The majority of hemoptysis is blood stasis, but 4% of patients have a large amount of hemoptysis.
3. Lemon color lemon color is common in simple pulmonary eosinophilia, simple pulmonary eosinophilia (simple pulmonary eosinophilia) was first reported by Loffler in 1932, it is also known as Lufler syndrome (Lofflers syndrome). It is characterized by mild systemic symptoms, a transient lung shadow on the X-ray, and blood eosinophilia. The course of disease is 2 to 4 weeks, also known as acute pulmonary eosinophilia. Patients may have a history of personal or family allergies.
4. Pink foam-like cough pink foam is a typical manifestation of pulmonary edema. Pulmonary edema is an increase in lung water content caused by a disorder of fluid exchange between blood vessels and tissues in the lung. The disease can seriously affect respiratory function and is the cause of clinically more common acute respiratory failure. The main clinical manifestations are extreme dyspnea, sitting breathing, cyanosis, sweating, paroxysmal cough with a lot of white or pink foam sputum, double lungs filled with symmetrical wet snoring, X-ray chest radiograph showing two lungs Flaky shadows, shock or even death in the late stage. Early arterial blood gas analysis may have low O2, low CO2 partial pressure, severe O2 deficiency, CO2 retention and mixed acidosis.
