yellow nodules
Introduction
Introduction A nodule is a small round protrusion in the surface or internal tissue of a living organism, and a yellow nodule means that these small protrusions are yellow.
Cause
Cause
1. Non-inflammatory yellow nodules caused by rheumatoid, porcine cysticercosis, etc.
2. Inflammatory yellow nodules caused by microorganisms such as viruses and bacteria or due to physical factors and immunoallergic reactions.
Cause:
The cause of sarcoidosis is not known, and may be related to the following factors:
1. Genetic factors:
Sarcoidosis may be a polygenic genetic disease. It is currently recognized that HLA-A1, HLA-B8, and HLA-DR3 in leukocyte histocompatibility antigen (HLA) are closely related to the pathogenesis of sarcoidosis. US Teistein reports that about 10% of American patients with sarcoidosis have a family history. Moreover, the odds of single-oval twins suffering from sarcoidosis are much higher than those of double-oval twins.
2. Environmental and occupational factors:
Japan reported that the incidence of cold Hokkaido sarcoidosis is high. The incidence of sarcoidosis is high in the southeastern United States. It has been reported that sarcoidosis is prone to occur in the winter-spring season. Metallic aluminum, zirconium, hafnium, talc, pine pollen, clay, etc. may also be involved in the occurrence of this disease.
3. Infection factors:
Certain viruses, spirochetes, Propionibacterium acnes, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, non-tuberculous mycobacteria, and Mycoplasma genus may induce this disease. However, this disease responds well to hormone therapy, indicating that infection does not persist in the pathogenesis of sarcoidosis, otherwise it will cause the spread of infection. Therefore, the causal relationship between infectious factors and sarcoidosis has not yet been confirmed.
4. Immunological factors:
The Th1/Th2 imbalance may be related to the onset of sarcoidosis. In most cases, the local helper T cells are mainly Th1 (CD4+) cells; only a few cases are dominated by Th2 (CD8+) cells. It has been suggested that abnormalities in the quality or quantity of T lymphocyte receptors (TCRs) are associated with the development of sarcoidosis.
Examine
an examination
Related inspection
Sarcoidosis antigen (Kveim) test for routine rheumatoid associated nuclear antigen (RANA) antibody
There are yellow nodules: meibomian adenocarcinoma, scleritis, retinoblastoma, acute abdominal-hyperlipidemia syndrome, synovial chondromatosis, optic glioma, sebaceous gland cancer, schistosomiasis , lung actinomycosis, etc.
Diagnosis
Differential diagnosis
Nodular xanthoma is a flat yellow plaque or a round yellow papule, nodule or tumor. It is symmetrically distributed at the joints such as the elbow, knee and back of the hand. It can also occur in the mucosa and viscera for a long time without regression. There are yellow nodules: meibomian adenocarcinoma, scleritis, retinoblastoma, acute abdominal-hyperlipidemia syndrome, synovial chondromatosis, optic glioma, sebaceous gland cancer, schistosomiasis , lung actinomycosis, etc.
