intrauterine fracture
Introduction
Introduction Intrauterine fractures are caused by fetal osteogenesis imperfecta. The condition is serious, the common skull ossification is incomplete, and there have been many fractures in the fetal period, most of which are stillbirths or short-term death after birth.
Cause
Cause
The cause of this disease is unknown, and it is a congenital developmental disorder. Male and female are equal. Can be divided into congenital and delayed hair. Congenital type refers to the onset in the uterus, and can be divided into fetal and infant types. The condition is severe, mostly death, or death shortly after delivery. It is an autosomal recessive inheritance. The delayed type is milder and can be divided into a child type and an adult type. Most patients can survive for long periods of time and are autosomal dominant. More than 15% of patients have a family history.
The disease is an autosomal dominant or recessive inheritance, which may be a sporadic case. The transmission of the blue sclera is 100%, and hearing loss varies with age. Sporadic cases are often caused by new mutations, often associated with the age of parents.
The occurrence of osteogenesis imperfecta is mainly due to mutations in the genes encoding the 1 or 2 procollagen (Pro- 1 or Pro- 2 ) chains of type I collagen (ie COL1A1 and COL1A2), resulting in type I collagen synthesis disorders. The amount of collagen in the connective tissue, especially the type I collagen, is reduced. Collagen is the main collagen component of tissues such as bones, skin, sclera and dentin, and the disease changes in these parts.
Examine
an examination
Related inspection
Gynecological ultrasound examination of fetal development
Generally not difficult. Sometimes it is different from serious rickets. The rickets manifested as widening and blurring of the epiphyseal cartilage, irregularity of the metaphyseal to the calcified cartilage, and unclear boundaries. The metaphysis itself is widened in a cup shape. In addition, the sparseness of other bones is less pronounced than in patients with osteogenesis imperfecta. Clinically, it should be different from cartilage hypoplasia, congenital muscle relaxation, hypothyroidism and parathyroidism. Generally speaking, it is not difficult.
Diagnosis
Differential diagnosis
Intrauterine asphyxia: Intrauterine asphyxia refers to the lack of oxygen in the uterus or excessive gas or respiratory disorders, and difficulty breathing or even stopping breathing.
Intrauterine growth retardation: Intrauterine growth retardation, also known as intrauterine dysplasia, refers to two criteria for neonatal birth weight below or below the 1st percentile of normal gestational age. difference. Director Yuan Yuqing of the Infertility Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Minquan County of Henan Province said: There are many factors causing intrauterine growth retardation. There are maternal factors such as maternal malnutrition, chronic diseases, uterine placental disease caused by insufficient placental perfusion, and pregnant women smoking. , drinking, exposure to chemicals or radiation, multiple pregnancy, etc.; fetal factors. Such as intrauterine infection, fetal cell division is disordered; placental factors include placental infarction, small placenta, chorionic placental inflammation. The incidence rate is about 3-1% of pregnancy, and the perinatal mortality rate is 4-6 times that of normal developmental fetus; its short-term or long-term prognosis is not yet confirmed, so it is included in the category of high-risk pregnancy.
