Accumulation of water and sodium
Introduction
Introduction Caused by diseases such as chronic renal failure, resulting in imbalance of sodium and water balance in the body. Because the kidney has the function of discharging sodium and draining water, the accumulation of sodium and water will occur in the body when the kidney function is impaired. In addition, the kidney will secrete some substances that raise blood pressure. Due to the accumulation of water and sodium in the oliguria period, patients may develop hypertension, pulmonary edema and heart failure. It is a clinical manifestation of chronic renal failure. Chronic renal failure (CRF) is not an independent disease. The progression of renal damage caused by various causes has reached the end stage. When the renal function is close to 10% of normal people, a series of syndromes usually have a long course. According to the degree of renal dysfunction, the renal insufficiency compensation period; renal insufficiency decompensation period is also called azotemia period; renal failure period; end stage is also called uremic period.
Cause
Cause
There are three main causes of kidney failure: toxic substances, immune reactions to drugs, and infections or diseases such as acute glomerulonephritis, which can cause renal failure; sudden decrease in blood pressure and severe bleeding during severe burns (such as squeezing) Sexual trauma, or a sudden onset of heart attack, can cause blood supply disorders, which damage the kidneys; the last reason is that somewhere in the urinary tract, the urine flow is suddenly and completely blocked.
The dysfunction caused by this disease can cause the kidneys to be unable to produce urine, thus causing the accumulation of waste in the blood. The water in your body can't be discharged normally, so there is water accumulation. Finally, under normal conditions, dangerous concentrations of imbalances occur in the concentration of chemicals in the body that are adjusted at any time by the kidneys.
Examine
an examination
Related inspection
CT examination of serum sodium (Na+, Na) radionuclide kidney map saliva sodium
There is a history of chronic kidney disease in various organs of the system other than the kidney. Laboratory tests show that metabolites accumulate in the blood. There are a series of electrolyte imbalances in the acid-base balance, endocrine disorders, which can generally establish a diagnosis after the diagnosis of uremia. Further clarify the cause of uremia, the diagnosis of primary disease. Recently, there are no causes of renal function deterioration such as urinary tract obstruction, infection dehydration, heart failure, use of kidney drug surgery, anesthesia, shock and recent reactivation of the primary disease, such as B-ultrasound and CT examination should show renal atrophy.
Radionuclide renal map showed bilateral non-functional renal ECT showed extremely reduced renal blood flow, and the glomerular filtration rate was extremely reduced.
Diagnosis
Differential diagnosis
Differential diagnosis of the accumulation of sodium water:
Acute renal failure (ARF): a clinical syndrome caused by multiple causes, a sudden loss of renal function due to changes in renal circulatory failure or renal tubules, so the kidneys cannot Exclude metabolic waste from the body. When the kidneys are unable to perform their normal functions, they cause toxins, waste and water to accumulate in the body, causing acute kidney failure. Children with azotemia, water and electrolyte disorders and metabolic acidosis.
