Pigmented skin lesions
Introduction
Introduction A change in skin color caused by a decrease or increase in pigmentation is called a pigmented skin disease. The disease with reduced pigmentation is caused by melanin deficiency, whitening of whole body or local skin, such as vitiligo; melanin diseases caused by hyperpigmentation or sputum cell growth, such as freckles or pigmented nevus.
Cause
Cause
Due to abnormalities in melanogenesis and melanogenesis, it can be caused by genetic and environmental factors, and it is a common disease in skin diseases. Although most pigmented skin diseases do not pose a major hazard to health, they hinder beauty, which causes mental stress on patients, affecting their work, study, and life. The contents of this lecture are mainly the skin diseases caused by increased melanin production, the differential diagnosis of pigment cell tumors, chloasma, freckles, pigmented skin diseases and the role of laser in pigment-induced skin diseases.
Examine
an examination
Related inspection
Skin smear microscopy skin test
Including sputum cell sputum (acquired sputum and congenital sputum), epidermal melanocyte damage (such as freckles and sunspots), dermal melanocyte damage (such as blue mites, Ota , ).
The following three factors determine the skin color of people: 1 the melanin particles contained in the deep epidermis, the amount and distribution of carotene; 2 the content of oxidized and reduced hemoglobin in the skin; 3 the difference in skin anatomy, mainly the thickness of the skin Especially the thickness of the stratum corneum and granular layer. The difference in the number, size, shape, distribution and degradation mode of melanin particles plays an important role in human skin color.
Diagnosis
Differential diagnosis
Pigmented skin lesions need to be identified as follows:
Vitiligo: It is a common pigment-depriving skin mucosal disease. People with dark skin have a higher prevalence than skin color.
Chloasma (melasma): is a pigmented skin disease that is more common in the face of young and middle-aged women.
Abnormal cyan pigments: such as Mongolian spots, Ota, etc., due to the slow formation and degradation of melanin bodies in dermal melanocytes.
A melanin-like disease caused by hyperpigmentation or sputum cell growth, such as freckles or pigmented nevus.
