blue-purple nails
Introduction
Introduction The blue and purple of the fingernails should be poor circulation of the distal end, which may be the manifestation of Raynaud's syndrome. The nails appear blue-purple. It may be that the chemical substance arsenic is too much in the human body or has Raynaud's syndrome.
Cause
Cause
Cause: The nails appear blue-purple may be the chemical substance arsenic in the human body is too much or have Raynaud's syndrome.
Cold stimulation
A significant proportion of patients with Raynaud's syndrome live in areas with relatively cold climates.
2. Mental factors
Patients with Raynaud's syndrome are predominantly sympathetically excited, and some patients are also induced in high-stress situations.
Examine
an examination
Related inspection
Thumb nail sliding test blood oxygen saturation
Diagnosis: The vast majority of patients with Raynaud's syndrome can be diagnosed based on the history of intermittent skin color changes in the extremities. However, it is best to see the condition, the nature, extent, extent and duration of the skin color change. The typical symptoms described above can be induced by immersing the patient's hands or feet in cold water or exposure to cold air.
In order to find out the related diseases that may be rich in the early and late stages, the medical history should be paid attention to whether there is a history of vascular diseases such as systemic connective tissue disease and arteriosclerosis, vasculitis, history of vascular trauma, presence or absence of ergotamine, -receptor. History of blockers and contraceptives; occupational history of long-term use of vibrating tools.
Physical examination should focus on the presence or absence of signs of systemic connective tissue disease: thinning of the skin, tightening, telangiectasia, rash, dry lips; thickening of the synovial joint, exudation or other evidence of arthritis. Carefully observe the keratosis area of the finger skin with or without ulceration; pay attention to the peripheral arterial pulsation; should be alert and pay attention to the existence of carpal tunnel syndrome. Long-term follow-up should be performed for patients who do not have the relevant disease.
Diagnosis
Differential diagnosis
Differential diagnosis: attention should be paid to the identification of other vascular dysfunction diseases characterized by skin color changes.
First, hand and foot cyanosis
It is a vasospasm caused by autonomic dysfunction. More common in young women, the skin of the hands and feet is symmetrical and even purple. Cold can make the symptoms worse. Often accompanied by skin scars or autonomic dysfunction such as sweating of hands and feet. The pathological changes are persistent ankle arteries and capillary and varicose veins, which need to be differentiated from Raynaud's syndrome. Patients with hand, foot and sputum have no typical skin color changes, and the range of sputum is extensive, involving the entire hand and foot, and may even involve the entire limb. Purpura lasts longer. Although the cold can make the symptoms worse, in the warm environment, the symptoms can not be relieved or disappeared immediately. Emotional hormones and mental stress generally do not induce the disease.
Second, the reticular bleu
Mostly women, due to small arterial spasm, capillaries and veins without tension expansion. The skin is persistently reticulated or spotted purpura. Most of the lesions occur in the lower limbs, and can sometimes affect the upper limbs, trunk and face. The affected limb is often accompanied by chills, numbness and paresthesia. The erythema is obvious when the body is cold or when the body is drooping. The streaks are reduced or disappeared in a warm environment or after raising the affected limb. Clinically, it can be divided into three types: marble-like skin spots, idiopathic reticular purple spots and symptomatic reticular leukoplakia.
Third, erythema limb pain
The cause is still unclear. Pathological changes are symmetry of the extremities and inflammatory vasodilation.
More common in young women. The onset is abrupt, the two feet are at the same time, and even the hands can be involved. Symmetrical paroxysmal severe burning. When the temperature of the foot exceeds the critical temperature (about 33 ~ 34 ° C), if the foot is in the warm bedding, the pain can occur, mostly burning, but also stinging or pain. When the limbs are drooping, standing, and exercising, pain can be induced, and the affected limbs can be raised, rested, or exposed to the outside of the bedding, and the pain can be relieved. At the onset of symptoms, the skin color of the feet was flushed with redness, the skin temperature increased with sweating, and the pulsation of the dorsal and posterior tibial arteries increased. According to the present features, it is similar to Raynaud's syndrome. A small number of erythematous limb pain can be secondary to polycythemia or diabetes.
