breast lump
Introduction
Introduction A breast lumps usually refer to a disease in which a mass grows inside due to differences in the composition of breast tissue. Breast lumps are the most common breast disorders, and many benign diseases are also manifested in the form of breast lumps, so the most important aspect of breast lumps is the distinction between benign and malignant. In addition to breast cancer is malignant, breast fibroadenomas, breast hyperplasia, breast cysts, breast fat necrosis and other lumps are benign, can be treated by acupoints and reflex zones massage.
Cause
Cause
Fibrocystic changes: based on tenderness is a common symptom, patients should avoid wearing tighter clothes or bras; severe symptoms may require medication or even surgery.
Fibroadenomas: The ideal treatment is surgical resection, which does not increase the risk of breast cancer in patients.
Breast Cancer: Commonly used treatments include surgery, chemotherapy, electrotherapy (radiation therapy), and endocrine therapy.
Inflammation of the breast: For simple inflammation, antibiotic treatment should usually achieve effective control; more severe breast abscess (with pus in the breast) may require surgical drainage. In addition, of course, the possibility of inflammatory breast cancer cannot be ignored.
Pathological cause
Endocrine disorders
The secretion of lutein is reduced, and the relative increase of estrogen is an important cause of breast hyperplasia. Such as ovarian development is not complete, irregular menstruation, thyroid disease and liver dysfunction.
Emotional and other spiritual factors
Mental stress, emotional agitation and other unhealthy mental factors are prone to mammary gland hyperplasia, often staying up late, lack of sleep, etc. will also cause breast hyperplasia, and these adverse factors will aggravate the existing symptoms of breast hyperplasia.
Human Factors
Female age, infertility, sexual life disorders, induced abortion, husband and wife, and no breastfeeding, etc., cause the breasts to have normal, periodic physiological activities. Wear a tight bra or a tight underwear.
Unreasonable diet
For example, high-fat, high-energy diets lead to excessive intake of fat, and bad habits such as drinking and smoking can induce breast disease. In addition, people's diet is now good, there are many people with high blood pressure, high blood sugar, these are also easy to cause endocrine disorders in women, leading to breast hyperplasia.
Long-term use of estrogen
Long-term excessive intake of estrogen in the human body will lead to imbalance of endocrine balance. Now some fast-growing foods, artificially reared aquatic products and feeds used by poultry also contain hormones. Long-term consumption can also cause breast diseases.
Examine
an examination
Related inspection
Chest B ultra-molybdenum target X-ray examination blood routine breast lymph node experiment breast examination
Clinically, the more painless breast lumps, the more attention should be paid. Because painless breast lumps happen to be one of the characteristics of breast cancer. In general, inflammatory breast lumps are often accompanied by more severe breast pain. The lumps are also accompanied by obvious inflammatory reactions such as redness, swelling, heat, and pain. The mass can be repulsed and ulcerated. After anti-inflammatory treatment plus local After drainage, the inflammation subsides and the mass disappears. Proliferative breast lumps, often accompanied by premature breast pain, after menstruation, pain can be reduced, the mass can also be reduced, the mass is often multiple, soft or tough, local can be light Moderate tenderness, after treatment with drugs, can be improved to varying degrees.
X-ray photography: Young women have denser breast tissue, so mammograms are not usually suitable for women who are too young (under 30). Mammography is a relatively convenient method of screening. However, it should be noted that the normal X-ray results are not sufficient to rule out breast cancer.
Ultrasound: It can help to distinguish whether the mass is a solid or saclike structure. If it is a saclike structure, the doctor may consider using a fine needle to extract the water of the tumor for testing, and then decide whether further examination is needed.
Biopsy: It can be said that it is the most accurate diagnosis method at present. Doctors use specific methods to obtain the tumor tissue of the patient's breast, and then perform pathological examination (including microscopic examination) on the relevant tissue or cells.
There are basically three methods for removing living tissue:
Needle aspiration biopsy: a small needle is used to absorb part of the tissue of the mass, which can provide information on cell morphology. The internal structure of the mass is examined by the following two methods;
Excisional biopsy: surgery (usually under local anesthesia) removes all masses of the tumor as much as possible for pathological examination;
Incisional biopsy: In some cases (for example, when the mass is too large).
Diagnosis
Differential diagnosis
Breast lumps are benign or malignant:
Clinically, the symptoms of benign and malignant, shape, size, density, and boundary are not easy to distinguish. However, the diagnosis can be made by means of infrared, x-ray molybdenum target, so as to make a correct diagnosis.
First of all, from the morphological point of view: good and variable rules, round, elliptical, patchy, nodular, strip-like, etc., the boundaries are clearer, mostly bilateral, multiple lumps; malignant, mostly not The rules are blocky, the boundary is blurred, and the surface of the mass is uneven. Most of the lumps are more common on one side.
From the qualitative point of view: good metamorphosis and toughness, most of them harden before the tide; malignant, hard as stone, and has nothing to do.
From the perspective of activity: the degree of change activity is large, and there is no adhesion to other tissues, such as fibroadenomas, proliferative diseases, etc., malignant transformation often occurs with adhesions, and the activity is poor.
From the skin surface, nipple analysis: good change most skin without change, nipples without retraction (except congenital nipple retraction), a small number of patients with secretions on the nipple, secretions are mostly watery, milky, such as cystic hyperplasia Disease, plasma cell-like inflammation; malignant mass, orange peel-like, dimple-like changes around the skin, nipple retraction (except for congenital nipple retraction), nipple secretions are mostly bloody, pale yellow, serum-like discharge, etc. .
From the perspective of growth rate: good growth is slow, and the course of disease changes from one year to several years. The malignant growth is rapid, and it may grow like a fist in a few months.
