pontine infarction
Introduction
Introduction The pons is above the ventricle. It is located between the ventricle and the midbrain. It is the only place to transmit information between the central nervous system and the peripheral nerves. It has a regulating and controlling effect on human sleep. Vertebral-basal artery ischemic circulatory disorders are more common in the elderly, but pons infarction has been relatively rare, and diagnosis is difficult. However, since the application of MRI in clinical practice, the diagnostic rate of cerebral infarction has increased significantly. It has been confirmed by many years of clinical reports that cerebral infarction is the most common infarct lesion in brain stem infarction.
Cause
Cause
Bridge cerebral infarction is a chronic disease caused by multiple causes. The elderly over 60 years old accounted for 90% of cerebral infarction, and those with hypertension accounted for 80%. Most of them had fundus arteriosclerosis, indicating that the main cause of cerebral infarction is atherosclerosis and hypertension.
Predisposing factors:
Cerebrovascular disease is the most common disease in neurology. The etiology is complicated and affected by many factors. Generally, cerebrovascular diseases are classified into vascular wall lesions, blood component changes and hemodynamic changes according to the etiology.
In addition, many people in the clinic have no cerebrovascular disease even if they have risk factors for cerebrovascular disease, but some people who do not have risk factors for cerebrovascular disease have cerebrovascular disease, indicating that the occurrence of cerebrovascular disease may be related to other factors. Relevant, such as genetic factors and bad hobbies.
Epidemiological studies have confirmed that hyperlipidemia and hypertension are the two main risk factors for atherosclerosis. Smoking, alcohol consumption, diabetes, obesity, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglyceride increase, and serum lipoprotein increase are all brains. Risk factors for vascular disease, especially risk factors for ischemic cerebrovascular disease.
direct cause:
1. Cerebral hemorrhage: Most cases are active or emotionally active. Most of them have a history of hypertension and blood pressure fluctuations. The onset is urgent, headache, vomiting, and disturbance of consciousness are more common. Brain CT scan can be seen in high-density hemorrhagic foci.
2. Brain tumor: slow-progressive cerebral infarction, attention to brain tumor differentiation, primary brain tumor incidence is slow, brain metastasis tumor is sometimes similar to acute cerebrovascular disease, brain CT scan should be done in time, if brain tumor and cerebral infarction can not Identification, it is best to do brain MRI to confirm the diagnosis.
Examine
an examination
Related inspection
Brain CT examination
More than 90% of patients with cerebral infarction cannot be diagnosed by clinical and CT scans alone, and need to be diagnosed by MRI. It is indicated that clinical and CT diagnosis of cerebral infarction is easy to be misdiagnosed and missed. MRI has the advantages of high resolution, strong sensitivity and no interference from skull artifacts. Small lesions can show T2 weighted images as high signals. The T1-weighted image is a low-signal image and is the most reliable method for diagnosing cerebral infarction. Patients with conditions should undergo MRI.
Diagnosis
Differential diagnosis
Differential diagnosis of pons infarction :
Cerebral infarction: cerebral infarction is due to cerebral atherosclerosis, vascular intimal injury makes the cerebral artery lumen narrow, and then due to a variety of factors, local thrombosis, so that the stenosis of the artery is aggravated or completely occluded, leading to brain tissue ischemia, hypoxia Necrosis, a cerebrovascular disease that causes neurological dysfunction.
The main factors of cerebral infarction are: hypertension, coronary heart disease, diabetes, overweight, hyperlipidemia, eating fat, many patients have a family history. More common in the elderly aged 45 to 70 years old.
