Substance-independent mental disorders
Introduction
Introduction Mental disorders caused by non-dependent substances (mental dsorders cused by nn-ependent sbstances), certain non-dependent substances such as hormones, isoniazid, benzene, organic phosphorus, etc. come from outside, although they do not produce psychological and physiological dependence, but can Affecting an individual's mental state and producing psychotic symptoms are often confused with schizophrenia.
Cause
Cause
If no drug is produced (Api, saponin, anthelmintic, isoniazid, hormones, etc.), industrial and agricultural materials (heavy metals such as lead, mercury, manganese, arsenic, etc., toxic gases such as carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide Etc., organic compounds such as benzene and its derivatives, gasoline, etc., and foods (such as mites, cannabis, botulinum-contaminated foods, etc.), which cause mental disorders caused by various ways.
Examine
an examination
Related inspection
Brain CT examination of brain MRI
(1) Evidence that non-dependent substances (such as organic compounds, heavy metals, carbon monoxide, carbon disulfide, pesticides, medical drugs, and deteriorating foods that can cause poisoning) enter the body, and there is reason to infer that mental disorders are caused.
(2) Psychological and/or physiological changes occur after the substance enters the body. Mental disorders can be expressed as one or more of the following:
1. Poisoning or disturbance of consciousness.
2. Mental disorder or amnesia syndrome.
3. Psychiatric symptoms (such as hallucinations and illusions, etc.).
4. Affective disorders such as mania or depression.
5. Psychomotor excitement or inhibition.
6. Neurological symptoms.
7. Personality changes.
(3) The decline or loss of mental activity and social function.
Diagnosis
Differential diagnosis
Differential diagnosis of mental disorders caused by non-dependent substances:
1, brain organic mental disorders: brain organic mental disorders (brain organic mental disorders) refers to mental disorders caused by brain infections, degeneration, vascular disease, trauma, tumors, etc., also known as brain organic psychosis (brain organic psychosis). With the extension of human life, the aging population is gradually increasing, and the incidence of brain organic mental disorders is also significantly increased.
2. Mental disorders caused by somatic diseases: Mental disorders caused by physical diseases refer to mental disorders manifested in the entire course of internal organs, endocrine, metabolism, nutrition, blood, collagen diseases and infections, and other medical diseases. It is more common to develop acute mental disorders based on primary physical diseases. It is an integral part of all the symptoms of the primary physical illness. Mental disorders caused by physical illness generally do not include mental disorders caused by psychoactive substances and brain organic disorders.
3, organic mental disorder: organic mental disorder - based on verifiable brain disease, brain damage or other damage caused by a group of mental disorders. The mental disorder can be primary, such as diseases, injuries, and damage that directly and selectively affect the brain. It can also be secondary, such as certain systemic diseases and disorders, the brain is just one of many damaged organs or systems. The term symptomatic mental disorder refers to the latter subgroup. See: organic psychosis.
4. Mental disorders caused by psychoactive substances: Mental disorders related to psychoactive substances (referred to as substances) can be divided into two categories: one is the use of psychoactive substances (substance dependence disorder and substance abuse), and the other is spirit. Obstacles caused by active substances, including: psychoactive substance poisoning, psychoactive substance withdrawal reaction, psychoactive substance-induced paralysis, persistent dementia caused by psychoactive substances, persistent amnesia caused by psychoactive substances, spirit Psychic disorders caused by active substances, mood disorders caused by psychoactive substances, anxiety disorders caused by psychoactive substances, sexual dysfunction caused by psychoactive substances, and sleep disorders caused by psychoactive substances.
5, schizophrenia: schizophrenia is a psychiatric disease, is a persistent, usually chronic major mental illness, is the most serious type of mental illness, is the change of basic personality, thinking, emotion, behavioral division The most common mental illness is the main feature of mental activity and environmental disharmony. The cause is unknown, the incidence of young and old, and the onset of illness, the main influence of mental function includes thinking and perception of the real world, and then affect behavior and emotion. Clinical manifestations include many obstacles such as thinking, feelings, and behaviors, as well as uncoordinated mental activities. The patient is generally conscious and the intelligence is basically normal.
