scaly skin
Introduction
Introduction Psoriasis patients have scaly skin. Psoriasis is a common chronic skin disease characterized by repeated multiple layers of silvery white dry scales on the erythema. Traditional Chinese medicine is called "white peony", and ancient medical books are also called pine mites. Western medicine is called Psoriasis, commonly known as psoriasis, which is characterized by the appearance of papules of varying sizes, erythema, covered with silvery white scales, clear boundaries, and occurs in the scalp, the extremities and the back. More men than women. Spring and winter seasons are prone to recurrence or aggravation, while summer and autumn are more relieved.
Cause
Cause
The cause of psoriasis is more complicated, and the cause is not clear. In recent years, most scholars believe that it is related to heredity, infection, metabolic disorders, immune dysfunction, and endocrine disorders. It has become more and more common now, especially in developed cities. Psoriasis is not an infectious disease, but because of the skin problems of patients with psoriasis, it often brings great physical and mental pain and financial burden to patients. According to the international psoriasis experts for many years, the cause of the disease is related to the internal organs, but It cannot be cured.
Preliminary observations that psoriasis is related to the following factors:
1 genetic factors: Many believe that the disease is controlled by multiple genes, but also affected by other factors.
2 Infection factors: Some people think that it is caused by viral infection. Although eosinophilic inclusion bodies have been found in the nucleus of epithelial cells, the virus culture has not been successful so far. Streptococcal infection may be an important predisposing factor for this disease, because acute tonsillary psoriasis often has acute tonsillitis or upper respiratory tract infection before rash.
3 metabolic disorders: reported in patients with serum lipids, cholesterol, globulin, sugar, uric acid, potassium and other increased, folic acid content decreased, but failed to make a positive conclusion. It has also been reported that polyamines and arachidonic acid increase in lesions.
4 immune dysfunction: some patients have low cellular immune function; some serum IgG, IgA, IgE increased; some patients have anti-IgG antibodies in the serum; some people use the immunofluorescence technique to detect the anti-keratin itself in the stratum corneum of the patient's epidermis antibody.
5 mental factors: trauma and emotional stress and overwork can induce the disease or make the condition worse.
6 Others: Most patients relapse, aggravate in winter, summer remission or natural regression, but the regularity of long-term illness disappears. There are also women who have aggravated before and after menstruation, rash during pregnancy and relapse after childbirth. Chloroquine, lithium carbonate and beta-adrenergic blockers can aggravate the disease.
Examine
an examination
Related inspection
Blood routine fungal histopathology
According to the clinical manifestations of the disease, the characteristics of the rash and the relationship between the predilection site, the onset and the season.
Diagnosis
Differential diagnosis
Differential diagnosis
Follicular keratinization: Follicular keratosis is a skin disease characterized by scaly keratosis. The disease is regional, more common in Asia, and rare in Europe and the Americas.
Plague-like lesions: Plague-like lesions are manifestations of clinical signs of Alcaligenes bacilli pneumonia. Alcaligenetic bacillus pneumonia is a relatively rare bacterial-induced pneumonia.
diagnosis
According to the clinical manifestations and pathological features of psoriasis, there are generally six types:
1. Psoriasis vulgaris: The rash usually occurs on the scalp, trunk, and extremities. It is a red papule on the skin that gradually enlarges into patches or plaques. The surface has thick silvery white phosphorus. Irregular, some have a map or island-like appearance, some have smaller skin lesions, more, full of star appearance, a layer of scales falling off, gently scraping off the dander can see a thin layer of red film Scratch the red film to see a small bleeding point, some people call it blood, medically called sieve-like bleeding, which is the clinical features of psoriasis vulgaris.
2, erythrodermic psoriasis: is a more serious, less common one, this type refers to more than 70% of the body's skin is diffuse red, dark red invasive skin lesions, a large number of suede on the surface Dander, sometimes under the armpits, the thigh roots and umbilicus due to swelling and exfoliation and exudation of the epidermis, oropharyngeal nose and conjunctiva can be congested and red, patients often have fever, chills, headaches and general malaise.
3, pustular psoriasis: sub-generality and limitations. The generalized pustular psoriasis is mostly acute, and the pustules can spread throughout the body within a few days to several weeks. There is a dense small pustule with a small needle tip size, which quickly merges into a pus, often accompanied by high fever. Joint swelling and pain and general malaise, blood routine test can be seen leukocytosis, after the abscess dry, then desquamation, after the dandruff shedding, there are new abscesses. Localized pustular psoriasis is more common with palmar pustule psoriasis, with symmetrical erythema in both palms and toes, needles on the erythema up to chestnut size to small pustules: dry after about 1-2 weeks, After the desquamation, new pustules appeared, repeated and repeated, and the course of the disease was stubborn.
4, arthritic psoriasis: rare, can occur at any age, can occur in both large and small joints, but common is the wrist, fingers and toe joints, spinal joints can also occur. The joints of the lesions are red, swollen, painful, and there is fluid in the joint cavity. The skin swelling activity near the joint is limited. The joints are stiff for a long time. In severe cases, the joints are damaged under the X-ray, and the blood sedimentation is fast, often accompanied by fever and other systemic symptoms. However, rheumatoid agglutination factor is negative, arthritic psoriasis, skin lesions are often accompanied by thick crust-like skin lesions, but also skin lesions of erythema and silver shavings of psoriasis vulgaris.
5, palmoplantar pustulosis: including palmoplantar pustular psoriasis and pustular bacterial rash.
6, continuous acral dermatitis: characterized by aseptic pustules, it is also considered to be the same disease as pustular psoriasis. Some people think that it is a subtype of pustular psoriasis, but there are also different opinions that it should be an independent disease. Occurs in middle-aged people, mostly caused by trauma.
