Rotten apple smell in urine
Introduction
Introduction The urine of patients with diabetic ketoacidosis is rotten apple flavor. Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is one of the most common acute complications of diabetes. It is a group of clinical syndromes of hyperglycemia, hyperketide and acidosis caused by severe insulin deficiency in the body. Most commonly in patients with type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes can also occur in some cases. The clinical manifestations are characterized by acute onset, serious illness and rapid changes. This disease is mainly caused by disorder of glucose metabolism, excessive production of ketone bodies in the body, resulting in a decrease in the concentration of HCO3- in the blood. When decompensation, the blood pH drops, causing acidosis. According to foreign statistics, the incidence of this disease accounts for about 14% of inpatients with type 1 diabetes, and domestic is 14.6%. With the popularity of diabetes and the widespread use of insulin, the incidence of DKA has decreased significantly.
Cause
Cause
It is important to understand the specific predisposing factors of ketoacidosis. Eliminating and avoiding these factors can effectively prevent the occurrence and development of diabetic ketoacidosis. Any condition that can cause serious deficiency of insulin in the body can induce ketoacidosis. Type 1 diabetes is often due to insulin interruption or deficiency, or insulin failure; and type 2 diabetes often occurs in a variety of emergency situations.
1. The patient stops the insulin injection by himself.
2. Various infections.
3. Overeating.
4. Alcoholism.
5. Pregnancy and childbirth.
6. Emergency situations such as illness, trauma, surgery, etc.
7. Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular accidents and mental stimulation.
Examine
an examination
Related inspection
Urine sugar (GLU) blood sugar
Diabetic ketoacidosis is an acute metabolic complication caused by a severe deficiency of insulin in the human body. Excessive rise in blood glucose, ketone body in the urine, abnormal expression of thirst, polydipsia, polyuria and weight loss, and systemic fatigue, weakness, and even coma. Arterial blood gas examination showed metabolic acidosis. Diabetic ketoacidosis is a relatively common acute complication, most commonly in patients with type 1 diabetes. Before insulin is discovered, patients with type 1 diabetes often die early because of ketoacidosis. After insulin is introduced, type 1 diabetes The mortality rate has dropped significantly, from the past 60% to the current 1%. However, in case of serious emergency or improper treatment, the disease can directly threaten the life and health of the patient.
Early detection of diabetic ketoacidosis
The course of diabetic ketoacidosis usually ranges from a few days to several weeks. A small number of young people can become coma within a few hours after the onset of illness. Patients should pay attention to the possibility of ketoacidosis when they have the following performance:
1, diabetes symptoms worsened: extreme thirst, polydipsia, polyuria and weight loss.
2, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting and abdominal pain (but often no diarrhea).
3, breathing deep, the smell of rotten apples in the exhaled gas.
4, dizziness, headache, confusion, lethargy and extreme fatigue.
Diagnosis
Differential diagnosis
The volatile acid in normal urine, after being placed, due to bacterial decomposition of urea or ammonia odor, if the urine is discharged, there is ammonia smell, often suggesting chronic cystitis and chronic urinary retention.
Bad smell
90% may be a sign of bacterial infection. There may be E-COLI bacteria, which can make your urine smell bad. You should immediately pay attention and see a doctor as soon as possible. The optimistic estimate may be because you have eaten too many asparagus. The sulphur-containing amino acids in the asparagus will give your urine this taste. As the asparagus is completely digested, this taste will gradually disappear. If the smell of sulfur lasts for more than two days, it is necessary to go to the hospital for a urine test. Sweet fruit flavor If your urine gives off the smell of sweet fruit, it can't be said that you have eaten too many fruit salads. This smell in the urine is most likely due to a bacterial infection. When the body is trying to exclude glucose, an acid called ketone in the blood releases the taste. If this situation is not taken seriously, it is likely to pose a threat to your life. So, once you find your urine produces a sweet fruit flavor, you should see a doctor immediately.
Caramel flavor: If there is a strong caramel smell in the urine, then there is reason to doubt whether you are suffering from "Maple Diabetes". Maple diabetes is a genetic disease, and the situation is very rare, with an average of 225,000 people. The body of "Maple Diabetes" patients usually cannot metabolize protein normally, so there is a caramel taste in the urine.
Diabetic ketoacidosis is an acute metabolic complication caused by a severe deficiency of insulin in the human body. Excessive rise in blood glucose, ketone body in the urine, abnormal expression of thirst, polydipsia, polyuria and weight loss, and systemic fatigue, weakness, and even coma. Arterial blood gas examination showed metabolic acidosis. Diabetic ketoacidosis is a relatively common acute complication, most commonly in patients with type 1 diabetes. Before insulin is discovered, patients with type 1 diabetes often die early because of ketoacidosis. After insulin is introduced, type 1 diabetes The mortality rate has dropped significantly, from the past 60% to the current 1%. However, in case of serious emergency or improper treatment, the disease can directly threaten the life and health of the patient.
