smelly urine
Introduction
Introduction If there is a urinary tract infection, the urine will become cloudy and stinking. The urine of normal people is about 1500ml in 24 hours. The color is yellowish or colorless. The amount and color are closely related to diet. There are no red blood cells, sugar, protein and other contents in the laboratory. The specific gravity and pH are within the normal range. The smell of urine comes from the volatile acids and esters in the urine. When the urine is left for a long time, the ammonia smell can appear. If the fresh urine has ammonia smell, it is seen in chronic cystitis and chronic urinary sputum, apple-like smell. Diabetes, proteinuria, and hepatobiliary abnormalities can be considered.
Cause
Cause
Urinary system infections, such as urinary tract infections, etc., so to determine whether the urine is normal, can not be observed by the naked eye, must go to the hospital to do urine check to know whether the urine is normal, it is recommended to go to the hospital for examination.
A special fruit flavor: common in diabetic ketosis.
B special odor: found in phenylketonosis.
C fresh urine is a stinky odor: common in bacterial infections of the urinary tract.
Abnormal smell of urine
1. Ammonia smell - indicates that the urine has been broken down in the body, which is the manifestation of cystitis or urinary retention.
2. Apple aroma - more common in diabetic acidosis or starvation, this urine can often induce ants to gather.
3. Corruption and odor - common in cystitis and suppurative pyelitis.
4. Fecal odor - patients with bladder colon fistula, often with fecal odor in the urine.
Examine
an examination
Related inspection
Urine routine urine sediment red blood cells
1. In addition to general urine routine examination, urinary sediment smear Gram stain for bacterial examination, if necessary, 1h urine cell discharge rate determination (method: emptying the bladder, collecting 3h clean urine, calculate 1h urine white blood cells and non-squamous The number of epithelial cells. Judgment: 300,000 has diagnostic significance). This method is more accurate than the 12h urine sediment counting method.
2. Clean mid-stage urinary bacteria culture, colony count and drug sensitivity determination, Gram-negative bacilli colony count 100,000 / ml have diagnostic significance, 10,000 ~ 100,000 / m1 is suspicious, 10,000 / ml are there Diagnostic significance. Infection should be considered when the Gram-positive cocci colony count is 100-10000/ml.
3. Special culture and inspection: For the detection of pathogenic bacteria in conventional bacteria and fungal culture, high-permeability culture (0.3M sucrose medium) can be used to exclude L-type bacterial infection; anaerobic culture is used to exclude anaerobic Bacterial infection. Check for viruses, mycoplasmas, and saprophytic parasites when necessary.
4. Renal function test: including glomerular filtration rate measurement and renal tubular concentration function, acidification function test, chronic cases should be checked for blood and urine potassium, sodium, chlorine, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, pH, arterial blood gas analysis.
5. Repeated episodes of routine double-B-ultrasound examination, as appropriate for intravenous pyelography or retrograde urography, if necessary, CT examination. Women should undergo gynecological examinations and pelvic venography should be performed if necessary to exclude the presence of predisposing factors.
6. Diagnostic criteria are often divided into upper and lower urinary tract infections according to the location of urinary tract infection. Upper urinary tract infection refers to pyelonephritis, which can be divided into acute and chronic pyelonephritis according to clinical features. Pyelonephritis may be associated with a lower urinary tract infection, while lower urinary tract infections are often present separately.
Diagnosis
Differential diagnosis
Differential diagnosis of liquid odor:
1, urine rotten apple flavor: the urine of patients with diabetic ketoacidosis is rotten apple flavor.
2, urine ammonia smell: urine infected with urine will have ammonia smell.
