urethral valve
Introduction
Introduction The posterior urethral valve is the most common urinary tract obstruction in infants and newborns. The disease occurs only in male patients. The valve is usually located at the distal end of the prostatic urethra. The valve is formed by mucosal folds and looks like a thin film. When urinating, the valve can cause different degrees of obstruction. The etiology of posterior urethral valve disease is unclear. Due to occasional family history, some people think that it is the abnormal development of the middle kidney tube, which may also be the result of multiple factors. Some people think that it is caused by abnormal urogenital sinus development.
Cause
Cause
Causes
The etiology of posterior urethral valve disease is unclear. Due to occasional family history, some people think that it is the abnormal development of the middle kidney tube, which may also be the result of multiple factors. Some people think that it is caused by abnormal urogenital sinus development. There are four theories about the formation of the posterior urethral valve:
1. There are several mucosal folds at the far and near end of normal sperm. If these mucosa are hypertrophied and protrude into the urethra, a type I or type II posterior urethral valve is formed.
2. The urogenital membrane in the embryonic period did not completely subside, and the residual urinary tract membrane formed the type III posterior urethral valve.
3. Congenital malformation of the middle kidney tube or Mullerian tube.
4. The fine mucosa adheres to the adhesion of the urethra mucosa. It has been reported that all the twin brothers have the posterior urethral valve, and it is difficult to be sure about the relationship with heredity.
Examine
an examination
Related inspection
Urine routine urethral examination urethral function test
Symptoms and signs: Children with posterior urethral valve may have impaired urinary obstruction. Often there is weakness in the urinary line, interruption of urination, incomplete bleeding, urinary tract infections and sepsis. Severe obstruction can cause hydronephrosis, which can reach the mass in the abdomen and reach the inflated bladder in the lower abdomen. A small number of patients can touch the stagnant kidneys on both sides of the ribs. Most children develop stunted after birth, and no other findings can be found in addition to chronic disease signs.
Diagnosis
Differential diagnosis
Urethral fistula: refers to the abnormal passage formed between the reproductive organs and the urinary system, which is characterized by leakage of urine. Common vaginal fistula, urethra vagina, ureterovaginal fistula (collectively called urinary fistula). The genital fistula is an extremely painful injury. According to the urine flow, it is divided into external hemorrhoids and internal hemorrhoids. The external hemorrhoid is that the urine is partially or completely excreted through the abnormal passage of the urethra during urination, such as the genital tract of the penis, the scrotum, and the perineum. Internal hemorrhoids are urine that partially or completely flow through another organ in the body and then excreted, such as urethra vagina and urethral rectal fistula. According to the site of urethra in the urethra, it is divided into anterior urethra and posterior urethra. From the cause and time of occurrence, it is divided into congenital urethral fistula and acquired urethral fistula.
Urethral mucosal valgus: a female urethra disease in which the urethral mucosa and submucosal tissue are removed and turned over outside the urethra. The majority of the cases are children, followed by menopausal women. Urinary tract obstruction: any part of the urinary system that obstructs the lumen due to internal or external luminal obstruction as a complete or partial, acute or chronic obstruction. If the obstruction of each part is not released in time, it will eventually lead to hydronephrosis and impair kidney function. In the upper urinary system is renal pelvis, ureteral obstruction, hydronephrosis develops rapidly, but often one side is damaged; in the lower urinary system is bladder, urethral obstruction, because of the bladder as a buffer, kidney damage develops slowly, but often bilateral Kidney damage.
