Ventricular compression displacement
Introduction
Introduction Ventricular pressure displacement refers to CT examination or cerebral angiography to find ventricular displacement, ventricular compression, and more often in brain trauma or brain tumors. The lesion is in the head and can go to the hospital for surgery or neurology. Related diseases include meningiomas, brain tumors, meningiomas in the middle cranial fossa, meningioma in the brain, meningioma of the occipital foramen, sarcoma, and large cerebral cerebral cerebral tumor.
Cause
Cause
Traumatic cerebral hematoma, cerebral edema, cerebral hypertension or tumor compression lead to ventricle compression, ventricle or midline structure (brain midline structure is extremely complex, not only the common efferent and incoming channels of various neurons, but also breathing, The center of the heartbeat is often caused by slight damage in the clinic, which can cause respiratory and cardiac arrest. In addition, the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis originates from this, and endocrine disorders are prone to occur after being damaged.
Examine
an examination
Related inspection
Brain ultrasound examination of brain CT examination of brain MRI
Frontal lobe tumor
1, front and rear image: visible lateral ventricle shift to the healthy side, the displacement is not significant; the diseased side of the ventricle is unclear, the front corner is pressured up.
2. Lateral image: visible front angle is shifted upwards or upwards; narrowed, flattened at the bottom, curved indentations or clumps; the front end of the lateral ventricle is flattened or curved. The third ventricle is well filled, and the lower part is flattened and displaced backwards and downwards. There was no abnormality in the midbrain aqueduct and the fourth ventricle.
Frontal tumor
1. Anterior and posterior images: the anterior and posterior images of the diseased side of the ventricle are unclear, due to the tumor leading to the closure or stenosis of the anterior horn; the lateral ventricle is displaced to the healthy side; the transparent septum and the third ventricle are linearly moved to the opposite side. The tumor invades both sides with a slight or no ectopic shift.
2, lateral image: side image, visible front angle closed, the front side of the lateral ventricle has a curved compression or filling defect, and moved backwards and downwards, the pressure trace on the upper and lower light, the front angle becomes shorter, narrower and Shift backwards. The anterior lower part of the third ventricle is often flattened and displaced backwards and downwards. There was no abnormality in the midbrain aqueduct and the fourth ventricle.
Parafrontal sinusoidal tumor
1. Anterior and posterior images: The anterior and posterior images showed that the ventricle of the ipsilateral side was significantly moved down and flattened, and the outer upper corner became dull and moved downward; the transparent septum and the third ventricle were more obliquely curved. Move to the opposite side. The ipsilateral corpus callosum and the ligament sulcus are also flattened, moved down and then displaced to the opposite side.
2, lateral image: the lateral image can be seen on the front corner and the front part of the body is displaced downwards, the top is pressed and flattened, and there is an arc-shaped indentation or a block-like shadow protruding; narrowing or closing. The lower front part of the third ventricle is flattened and displaced downwards. There was no change in the midbrain aqueduct and the fourth ventricle.
Lower frontal tumor
1. Anterior and posterior images: The anterior and posterior images show that the ipsilateral ventricles become smaller, often shifting to the opposite side. The transparent septum and the third ventricle are mostly curved to the opposite side.
2, lateral image: lateral position like the upper ventricle anterior horn and the front of the body consistently downward shift; the top of the front corner and the top of the lower corner can be pressure flattened. If it grows backward, the lower corner becomes narrower and shifts backwards and downwards. The anterior and posterior portions of the third ventricle are deformed and displaced rearward and downward. There was no change in the midbrain aqueduct and the fourth ventricle.
Surgical indications for severe brain contusion and cerebral edema are:
1 The disturbance of consciousness is progressively worsened or the cerebral palsy of one side has dilated pupils.
2CT examination revealed a significant shift in the midline structure and significant compression of the ventricles.
3 Patients with worsening conditions during treatment such as dehydration.
Acute cranial hypertension manifests as a full brain tissue, a shallow sulcus, a narrowing or disappearance of the lateral fissure, a small compression of the ventricles, and a shift in the midline structure.
Diagnosis
Differential diagnosis
According to different ventricles, displacement in different directions, displacement of the midline structure, differential diagnosis of different pressure conditions.
Common diseases:
In the case of epidural hematoma, CT appears as a lenticular or arched high-density shadow between the inner skull and the dura mater, and the ventricle is compressed or displaced in the midline. In the subdural hematoma, CT manifests a high density, mixed density or equal density of the crescent on the surface of the brain, which is accompanied by brain contusion and brain compression. The midline structure of fatal craniocerebral injury: caused by hematoma in the brain and hematoma inside and outside the hard curtain. The third ventricle is compressed and displaced to the contralateral side. It is generally believed that the displacement of the midline structure exceeds 5 mm. hernia.
Cerebral angiography of the fourth ventricle tumor; hydrocephalus due to obstruction of cerebrospinal fluid circulation, the ventricle is uniformly enlarged. Carotid angiography showed signs of hydrocephalus, showing that the anterior cerebral artery moved up and the lateral fissure artery shifted outward; the lateral image showed that the periorbital artery was up-shifted and the knee disappeared, and the middle artery lateral fissure was lifted. high. Since the fourth ventricle tumor often has occipital foramen magnum, the vertebral artery shows displacement of the posterior inferior cerebellum and can be moved into or under the occipital foramen.
