facial spots
Introduction
Introduction Spots are divided into chloasma (commonly known as "sweat spots"), pregnancy spots, dark spots, and butterfly spots. After a woman's birth, she will have chloasma on her face due to frail anemia, so pregnancy spots are similar to chloasma. Such spots are associated with blood, liver function, and endocrine disorders.
Cause
Cause
Human skin is divided into three layers:
Epidermis: Seen by the naked eye.
Dermis layer: composed of collagen and elastic fiber connective tissue, making the skin appear elastic. The subcutaneous tissue epidermis is further divided into four layers: the stratum corneum: maintains water balance and prevents water from dispersing. Protect the skin from damage. Granular layer: has the effect of refracting light. There are spines: absorb lymphocyte nutrients to supply the epidermis.
Basal layer: tightly attached to the dermis layer, with melanocytes present. When the new cells move from the basal layer and move up to 20 layers, the stratum corneum will fall off and be replaced by new cells. The function of melanin is to protect against UV damage to the skin, the natural protection of the skin, and the cradle of new cells. The ultraviolet rays of sunlight are divided into three kinds of wave lines: UVA long waves can penetrate the wall and glass to hit the dermis layer, causing premature aging of the skin. The UVB medium wave is blocked by the wall and the glass, and only acts on the epidermis layer, causing immediate sunburn and accelerating the formation of melanin. The UVC short wave is blocked by the ozone layer in the atmosphere.
In the absence of any sun protection, the skin begins to burn after 20 minutes, and it will tan after 1 hour of sunlight. When the skin is attacked by ultraviolet light, melanin begins to secrete and protect the skin, and tyrosinase also increases secretion, so that more melanin can be formed. Melanocytes are converted into another substance called dopa by tyrosinase. . Dopa is the precursor to all spots. Dopa is oxidized to form true melanin, which we usually say in the epidermis. The formed melanin enters the surface of the skin with metabolism, and finally peels off together with the aging keratin. If the metabolism is not smooth, the most pigmentation will be precipitated, and the skin will be darkened or spotted.
Factors affecting spots: emotions (also known as anger spots), washing and cleaning agents used in general, containing too much chemical substances. Excessive consumption of fried and spicy food. Visceral dysfunction, hormonal imbalance, age, UV, drugs. Therefore, the usual skin care should be sunscreen and whitening so that melanin does not mutate. The use of skin care products that inhibit tyrosinase can make Dopa fade away.
Examine
an examination
Related inspection
Endocrine function test blood test
Most of the pigmentation problems on the face originate from pigmentary disorders (so-called pigmentation disorders refer to skin disorders caused by melanin metabolism disorders, heredity or trauma). One of them is caused by a pigmentation transition. Such as: chloasma, freckles, melanosis, pigmented nevus, Ota, tattoos, etc.
Chloasma: Chinese medicine called black spots, light brown or dark brown patches, patch sizes vary, border cleaning, irregular lines, no higher than the skin, no obvious conscious, but affect the appearance. It occurs mostly on the face and is distributed symmetrically in the plaque, nose, cheeks, and mouth. More common in middle-aged women. The color depth has a certain seasonality, the summer color is aggravated, and the winter is lighter. Chloasma is a skin problem of middle-aged women with a headache, and the spotted spots make the beautiful white skin go away. The main factors leading to the formation of chloasma: external causes are mainly UV damage, and internal factors are related to endocrine.
Chloasma can be divided into:
Liver spots: liver cirrhosis, hepatitis, liver function and other liver diseases, caused by dark skin and facial pigmentation. (Traditional Chinese medicine is called liver qi stagnation type: it means sorrowful anger and anger, affection of the liver and stagnation and stagnation.)
Pregnancy spots: hormone levels are unstable. Theoretical circles have demonstrated that estrogen is too high to stimulate melanocytes, and the secretion of melanin particles is increased. Progesterone can promote pigmentation. Women have increased progesterone and estrogen during pregnancy and have spots due to endocrine changes. In addition, the pituitary gland, adrenal gland, gonad and thyroid have a great influence on the amount of melanin secreted. (Traditional Chinese medicine is called kidney deficiency and fire dryness type: it is gestational pregnancy and childbirth, too many sexual intercourse, long-term illness and loss of yin deficiency, water does not make fire, fire dry face and spot.)
Butterfly spot: often occurs with the nose and the cheeks, in the form of butterflies. Long-term mental stress, depression, lack of sleep, fatigue will reduce the ability of the skin to resist ultraviolet rays, leading to facial sun spots and dark spots. (Chinese medicine is called spleen deficiency and weak blood type: it refers to excessive fatigue, diet is not good, thinking about hurting the spleen, wet heat and resistance to the surface and forming brown spots).
Sunburn: Long-wave ultraviolet radiation can make the skin black (called tanning phenomenon), medium-wave ultraviolet rays, can cause deep skin burns, causing redness and blistering (called sunburn phenomenon). Ultraviolet radiation is an important cause of a dramatic increase in pigmentation and precipitation into pigmentation. The skin is strongly exposed to ultraviolet light, and the skin's self-protection function works to produce a large amount of melanin to resist the "aggression" of ultraviolet rays. Pigmentation leaves unsightly spots on the face or makes freckles worse. (Traditional Chinese medicine is called wind-heated skin type: it refers to sun exposure, wind and heat, poisonous evil accumulation of skin and stasis into spots.)
Freckles: It is a common lossy skin. His occurrence is often related to heredity. Parents have freckles on one side, and children have a genetic chance of 50%. The surface is smooth, not higher than the skin, no self-conscious symptoms, easy to concentrate on the nose, individual face all over, usually began to appear in adolescence, it is likely to accompany life, this spot can not be forcibly treated by drugs, but with the help of The skin care products are slowly faded, and the color of freckles deepens after sun exposure, and fades in autumn and winter.
Traumatic dark spots: In the early years, in order to quickly eliminate the pigment on the face, the people used some strong bleaching ingredients and strongly exfoliated; long-term external use of hormonal ointments and products containing heavy metal components will cause cumulative poisoning of the skin, not only for The skin causes damage, and heavy metals are precipitated in the skin, making the skin easy to form melanin, and the original elegant toxins are combined to cause black skin disease that is difficult to cure. (Chinese medicine is called irritating skin)
Chronic disease spots: people suffering from chronic relapse (such as attachment inflammation, pelvic inflammatory disease, cervicitis, etc.). Suffering from liver disease, tuberculosis, chronic gastritis, oncology, and long-term use of contraceptives, the immunity is reduced, leading to facial sun spots and dark spots.
Diagnosis
Differential diagnosis
Differential diagnosis of facial spots:
Spotted spots: related to gynecological causes such as female hormone imbalance.
Eyelid spots: more common in people with excessive pregnancy and flow of people and female hormone imbalance.
Temples and eye spots: It is related to the weakening of thyroid function, pregnancy, menopause, nervousness and psychological stress.
Nasal spots: more common in ovarian disorders.
Spots around the eyes: more common uterine disorders, excessive abortion and emotional imbalance caused by hormone imbalance.
Spots on the cheeks: more common in liver disease, sun exposure, menopausal age spots and hypoparathyroidism.
Spotted bag around the mouth: too much food intake.
Kneeling spots: more common gynecological diseases, excessive vaginal discharge, cosmetic allergies.
Lower ecchymosis pack: blood acidification, excessive vaginal discharge, gynecological diseases.
Forehead spots: more common in sex hormones, para-nephropathy, ovarian hormone abnormalities.
Forehead small sore bag: abnormal sebum metabolism, cervical overwork.
Neck spots: allergic to toilet water, burns of ultraviolet rays in the sun.
