immune dysfunction
Introduction
Introduction Immune dysfunction is due to the fact that the immune function is rarely checked during the diagnosis, diagnosis and treatment of the disease. People are more familiar with checking blood sugar, blood rheology, liver function, and are unfamiliar with the immune function test indicators. With the development of medical science and the application of immunoassay technology, targeted examination of immune indicators has become the basis for improving the diagnostic level of immune-related diseases, carrying out targeted treatments, and ultimately improving the efficacy. Patients have a significant family predisposition, many associated with HLA antigens, especially with D/DR loci, and more women than men.
Cause
Cause
The content of various immunoglobulins was too low, and the ratio of CD4/CD8 was significantly reduced. Autoimmune diseases often have the following common characteristics:
1 patients have obvious family predisposition, many related to HLA antigens, especially D/DR gene sites, more women than men.
2 There are high titer autoantibodies in the blood and/or sensitized lymphocytes that can react with their own tissue components.
3 diseases often present a process of recurrent and chronic prolongation.
4 Most of the causes are unknown, a small number of drugs (immune hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenic purpura), trauma (sympathetic ophthalmia) and so on.
5 A model similar to human autoimmune disease can be replicated in experimental animals.
Examine
an examination
Related inspection
B lymphocyte surface marker lymphoid imaging neutral rod-shaped granulocyte mixed lymphocyte culture test cyclic guanosine monophosphate
Blood tests or skin tests were performed to observe immune cells, cyclic guanosine monophosphate test and mixed lymphocyte culture test.
Abnormal results of mixed lymphocyte culture test: When kidney transplantation, the conversion rate of living donor kidney should be <10>10%. Low-reaction matching can only be used in the same batch of experiments. A lymphocyte conversion rate of 10% is compatible between tissues of different bodies. The lymphocyte mixed culture test is used to detect the immune status of the patient. When the number of T lymphocytes is reduced, the conversion rate is also lowered. It can be used as a matching method for organ and bone marrow transplantation to select a suitable donor. If the conversion rate is high, it is used for the difference between the recipient and the recipient. The conversion rate is low and the success rate after transplantation is high. Need to detect people: people with impaired immunity or missing.
Diagnosis
Differential diagnosis
The diagnosis should be differentiated from the following symptoms:
1. Immunodeficiency: Immunodeficiency is a kind of repeated infection or serious infectious disease due to the developmental defects of the human immune system or the immune response disorder, resulting in low anti-infective ability. Immune defects are classified into primary and secondary types. The former is mainly found in babies and children. If a child has repeated infections after birth, he should go to the hospital to check the immune function to determine if there is an immune deficiency. Children with immunodeficiency cannot be vaccinated with various live vaccines, which may have serious consequences.
2. Immunity decline: Immunity is the body's own defense mechanism. It is the body that recognizes and destroys any foreign body (virus, bacteria, etc.) that invades, processes aging, damage, death, degeneration of self-cells, and recognizes and processes mutant cells in vivo. And the ability of the virus to infect cells. A body with low immunity is susceptible to infection or cancer.
3. Immune damage: In the past decade or two, with the increase of tumor incidence and treatment progress, autoimmune and other immune-related diseases, the diagnosis and treatment level, organ transplantation breakthrough and development, especially HIV/AIDS epidemic, immunity The increasing and accumulation of impaired hosts (ICH) has become a global challenge. Infection is the most important factor affecting the course and prognosis of ICH. The lung is the main target organ of infection. There are still many problems in the diagnosis and treatment of ICH lung infection, which requires in-depth study. On the other hand, if the existing research results and techniques can be promoted and fully utilized, it is still possible to make the majority of clinical patients diagnose and obtain effective treatment and improve the prognosis.
