urogenital sinus
Introduction
Introduction Urogenital sinus Urinary sinus urinary sinus In addition to the single hole type, the general mammal has a cloaca at the onset of the genital tract. Soon, due to the formation of the perineum, the ureter and the opening of the genital catheter separate from the rectum to form the urogenital sinus. Urogenitale Urogenital Orifice) forms the external genitalia in the urinary sinus. The ureteral opening in the urogenital sinus meets the lumen of the base of the allanto, and participates in the formation of the bladder. The rest forms the urethra. However, only a short urethra is formed on the female, and the opening is wider to form the vestibular vestibule. In contrast, in the male, the urethra formed by the urogenital sinus is connected to the urethra formed along the penis and extends to the tip of the penis. The embryonic development of the vagina originates from two parts, that is, the upper 2/3 originates from the accessory kidney tube, and the lower 1/3 originates from the genitourinary sinus. At 18 weeks of gestation, the distal end of the renal tube is fused with the urogenital sinus tip and lumenized at 20 to 24 weeks of gestation to form a smooth vagina. For example, vaginal development of the embryonic primordial bilateral renal tube and genitourinary sinus absent or developmental stagnation, will cause different types of vaginal malformation and cause infertility.
Cause
Cause
Vaginal development of the embryonic primordia in the bilateral collateral and urogenital sinus absent or developmental stagnation, will cause different types of vaginal malformations and cause infertility.
Examine
an examination
Related inspection
Urine routine vaginal urethral fistula, complement fixation test, Wassermann's complement fixation test
1. Urinal examination: This is the easiest and most convenient method. It can be done by general hospitals. Some items can be tested by test strips. The results of the examination can be used to know what kind of disease. The correct method of urine collection should be to take the middle part of the urine, and the female patient should clean the dirt accumulated in the perineum.
2. Blood test: Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine (Cr) are generally examined. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) is a kind of urinary toxin. It is related to protein metabolism and gastrointestinal bleeding. It does not necessarily indicate the severity of kidney disease. To correctly evaluate renal function, it should be used as creatinine and its clearance rate (CCr). )an examination.
3. Abdominal X-ray examination: This is the most basic kidney X-ray examination. It does not require developer and is not dangerous to the patient. A good flat abdominal X-ray film can roughly see the position and size of the kidneys on both sides. Shape, whether there are stones.
4. Intravenous urography: The use of non-developed dyes is injected into the body intravenously, showing the shape and location of the kidneys, ureters and fat cysts, which is one of the most valuable methods in kidney examination.
5. Cystoscopy retrograde pyelography: retrograde pyelography of the cystoscopy, direct diagnosis of urinary bleeding, intravesical inflammation, tumor.
6. Angiography: Generally only limited to hematuria and the cause is unknown or suspected of having a malignant tumor.
7. Ultrasound examination: Using the images of ultrasound echoes in the kidneys, changes in the size and internal structure of the kidney can be found.
8. CT examination: The position of the kidney can be seen using a new radiological instrument.
Diagnosis
Differential diagnosis
1. Congenital absence of vagina: It is caused by complete stagnation of the secondary renal tube and genitourinary sinus. It is often accompanied by bilateral traces and unvented uterus and dysplastic fallopian tubes, and ovarian development can be normal. Often accompanied by kidney and urinary tract malformations such as polycystic kidney disease, horseshoe kidney, ureteral stricture, and even abnormalities of the spine and somatic development.
2, vaginal septum: is the middle of the renal tube end of the vaginal plate and the genitourinary sinus is not fused and lumenal formation, the transverse is located in the middle and lower 1/3 of the vaginal junction, even visible in the middle of the transverse A hole in the eye of the needle is left to allow the menstrual blood to flow out. Such as complete transection, it is easy to cause menstrual blood retention.
3, vaginal mediastinum: is the bilateral side of the renal tube end of the vaginal fusion is caused by the incomplete fusion, at this time the uterus and the cervix have been developed. If the mediastinal mediastinum is not completely absorbed, a complete mediastinum is formed. The bilateral uterus and the cervix are often not fused to form a double vagina, a double cervix, and a double uterine malformation. If the mediastinum is not absorbed, the mediastinum is incomplete.
4, vaginal oblique septum: is a rare vaginal malformation, this is the vaginal mediastinum biased to one side and adhesion to the lower part of the vaginal wall, so the formation of two vagina of different sizes, the two are connected or not connected. If the vaginal splanchral adhesion site is high, it is easy to be missed or misdiagnosed. There have been many reports in China.
5, vaginal partial atresia: more common in the development of urogenital sinus and bilateral side of the renal tube absent or developmental stagnation, at this time the vagina only a short and shallow blind end. The other is that the vaginal 2/3 development is normal and only the urogenital sinus development is arrested, which can cause menstrual blood retention in the upper part of the vagina.
6, vaginal stiffness: the formation of congenital vaginal wall sclerosing fiber muscle band, which limits the expansion and elasticity of the vagina, and difficult sexual intercourse and infertility. Urogenital sinus X-ray examination.
