oropharyngeal foreign body
Introduction
Introduction Oral foreign bodies are a common disease. Foreign bodies remain in the tonsils, tongue roots or epiglottis, often small foreign bodies, which can easily penetrate into tissues or hide in places that are difficult to detect. Symptoms vary depending on the type of foreign body and the site of penetration. Often, the throat is tingling, and it is intensified when swallowed. It is more difficult to turn the neck. The patient can indicate the location of the pain. The mechanism of pharyngeal foreign body sensation is quite complicated and is not fully understood. Most scholars believe that it is related to local lesions, systemic diseases and mental factors.
Cause
Cause
The mechanism of pharyngeal foreign body sensation is quite complicated and is not fully understood. Most scholars believe that it is related to local lesions, systemic diseases and mental factors. The local lesion stimulates the pharyngeal plexus composed of the branches of the vagus nerve, the glossopharyngeal nerve, the accessory nerve and the cervical sympathetic nerve and the second branch of the trigeminal nerve, becoming an excitatory foci with symptoms. Systemic diseases, especially upper gastrointestinal diseases, are caused by the development of the pharynx and upper digestive tract from the foregut during embryonic development, and the sensory nerves are connected to each other up and down, so that diseases of the stomach and duodenum can be reflexively caused by pharyngeal paresthesia. Both mental factors and autonomic dysfunction can be combined with excitatory lesions to develop symptoms.
(a) lesions in the throat and adjacent organs
1. Chronic inflammatory pharyngitis, laryngitis, tonsillitis, nasopharyngitis, esophagitis, sinusitis, etc.
2. Hypertrophic hypertrophic lesions of tonsils, tongue tonsils. Pharyngeal tonsils, lingual thyroid gland and so on.
3. Anatomical abnormal uvula sag, long styloid process, cervical vertebrae hyperplasia.
4. Digestive diseases, esophagitis, esophageal diverticulum, stomach or duodenal ulcer, gastritis, ptosis, chronic appendicitis, esophageal and gastric tumors, intestinal parasitic diseases, etc.
5. Cysts and cysts of the tongue, epiglottic cysts, and cysts in the throat.
6. Various benign or malignant tumors of the tumor.
(two) systemic diseases
1. Iron deficiency anemia.
2. Endocrine diseases: thyroid, gonadal dysfunction, menopausal syndrome, diabetes, etc.
3. Cardiovascular diseases: hypertensive heart disease, left ventricular hypertrophy, etc.
(3) Functionality
1. Rickets and other mental disorders.
2. Neurosis, cancer.
3. Excessive tension, anxiety, fear and other mental stimuli.
Examine
an examination
Related inspection
Oral endoscopic oral X-ray examination
(1) Diagnosis of foreign body sensation in the pharynx
Mainly to find the cause, first of all, should ask the medical history in detail, and then do a comprehensive and serious examination, from the mechanism to analyze the main pathogenic factors. The diagnosis of "pharyngeal paraesthesia" cannot be considered first, and the diagnosis of "chronic pharyngitis" can not be easily performed without repeated examination and observation.
(2) Excluding organic lesions
After the obvious organic lesions are excluded, the treatment of pharyngeal foreign body sensation caused by functional diseases can be observed. If the treatment is not effective, the cause should be further investigated.
(3) Local and general examination
1. Otolaryngology examination.
2. Mental and neurological examinations.
3. Internal medicine examination: including blood pressure, blood, urine, fecal routine examination, basal metabolic rate measurement, upper gastrointestinal angiography, neck positive and lateral position, fiber nose, throat, esophagus endoscopy, gastric juice analysis.
The above-mentioned examinations cannot be carried out one by one in clinical practice, mainly based on medical history and general examinations, and according to specific conditions, necessary examinations are carried out in some aspects.
Diagnosis
Differential diagnosis
Differential diagnosis of oropharyngeal foreign bodies:
Foreign body sensation in the pharynx: not a unique disease, but a combination of some symptoms. It includes a feeling of blockage, pressure, leafiness, stenosis, dryness, burning, itching, anthillness or other discomfort. Its causes are numerous, sometimes quite complex, organic and functional. Functionality is also known as pharyngeal paraesthesia, laryngeal paraesthesia, plum nuclear gas, pharyngeal neurosis, and sputum. It is generally believed that pharyngeal paraesthesia can only be diagnosed after excluding organic lesions that produce a foreign body sensation of the pharynx.
