abnormal sperm
Introduction
Introduction Sperm abnormality refers to the amount of sperm, abnormal quality, deformity, etc., is a kind of semen abnormality. Conventional semen analysis can mainly understand the amount of semen, sperm density and the total number of sperm in semen, sperm agglutination, sperm motility and viability, sperm morphology, semen liquefaction and other information.
Cause
Cause
First, semen abnormalities caused by genitourinary infections, such as various types of bacteria, viruses, mycoplasma, parasites, tuberculosis, gonococcal bacteria and other genitourinary tract inflammation.
Second, it is an abnormal semen caused by endocrine dysfunction, such as hypothalamic-pituitary-testicular axis function decline, hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism and so on.
Third, it is an abnormal semen caused by varicocele.
Fourth, abnormalities caused by congenital reproductive system abnormalities or hereditary diseases.
5. It is caused by external influences such as semen abnormalities caused by medication, work, living environment and bad habits.
Examine
an examination
Related inspection
Sperm trajectory analysis of sperm fertilization ability
Sperm abnormalities include:
1. Sperm reduction and spermatogenesis: Generally, a normal semen contains 20 to 200 million sperm/ml, sperm count is less than 20 million/ml, and sperm is more than 300 million/ml. Spermatosis.
2. Azoospermia: Three sperm tests did not find sperm in azoospermia, and azoospermia was divided into two types: "congenital azoospermia" and "obstructive azoospermia". The former refers to testicular spermatogenic cell atrophy. , degeneration, can not produce sperm; the latter refers to the testicle can produce sperm, but the vas deferens are blocked and can not discharge sperm.
3. Dead sperm disease: sperm survival rate in semen is reduced, semen examination found that more than 40% of dead sperm is dead sperm disease, also known as excessive sperm. However, due to improper inspection methods or the lack of normal methods to collect semen, and the artificial death of sperm increased, known as suspended sperm, must be identified.
4. Sperm deformity: more than 20% of abnormal sperm in semen, abnormal sperm including head, body, tail morphology abnormalities, or head mixed deformity.
Diagnosis
Differential diagnosis
Sperm quality decline: sperm quality decline refers to the number of sperm, survival rate and activity capacity, density, etc. are reduced at the same volume level
Low sperm survival rate: low sperm survival rate refers to sperm survival rate (dead sperm is greater than 50%), sperm morphology (normal morphology sperm less than 70%), semen acid phosphatase (less than 2.5 to 60,000 units / ml), semen Fructose (less than 150-800 mg / 100 ml).
Low sperm motility: Sperm vitality is an indicator of the comprehensive evaluation of sperm quantity and quality. It includes the number of normal active sperm in semen, ie sperm motility, and the quality of normal active sperm, ie sperm motility. The method of diagnosis of sperm motility is not yet unified, but it tends to a five-level classification. The content is: level 0 is no vitality. Level 1 is poorly vibrating, indicating that the sperm moves or moves in place only. Level 2 is medium in vitality, indicating that the sperm swims straight ahead but is not active. Level 3 is good for vitality, indicating good sperm motility, and level 4 is very active, indicating that the sperm is actively moving forward in a straight line. Sperm hypoactivity refers to sperm motility below level 2, and the number of active spermatozoa is less than 50%.
Sperm is rare: oligozoospermia is a man whose sperm count is lower than normal healthy fertility. It is now considered that the number of sperm is less than 20 million per ml for oligozoospermia. However, clinically, there are often changes in sperm motility, poor forward motility, and high sperm deformity. This is called weak azoospermia, which is a more common condition of male infertility.
Too many dead sperm: Death syndrome refers to multiple semen examinations, and sperm are dead. Under normal circumstances, semen excreted within 1 hour of the body, the normal survival of sperm should be more than 70%, such as dead sperm more than 40% will affect pregnancy. Sperm survival time should maintain a 6-hour survival rate of more than 20%, such as no survival of sperm within 6 hours, can cause infertility.
