low sperm count
Introduction
Introduction Less azoospermia is a man whose sperm count is lower than normal healthy fertility. It is now considered that the number of sperm is less than 20 million per ml for oligozoospermia. However, clinically, there are often changes in sperm motility, poor forward motility, and high sperm deformity. This is called weak azoospermia, which is a more common condition of male infertility.
Cause
Cause
1, endocrine factors: primary gonadotropin deficiency caused by hypogonadism, secondary gonadotropin deficiency caused by hypogonadism, high follicle stimulating hormone oligozoospermia, hyperprolactinemia, chronic adrenal insufficiency Disease, adrenal hyperplasia, thyroid disease and diabetes.
2, infection factors: chronic epididymitis, chronic prostatitis, seminal vesiculitis and specific infections.
3, varicocele: due to the increase in testicular local temperature affects the testis's spermatogenesis and sperm motility.
4, genetic factors: somatic cell karyotype abnormalities, Y chromosome microdeletions is one of the common causes of spermatogenesis disorders.
5, immune factors: male blood testis barrier is destroyed, resulting in anti-sperm antibodies.
6, cryptorchidism: cryptorchidism can occur less or no sperm in the early surgery.
7, hydrocele: whether it is primary or secondary hydrocele can be due to elevated testicular temperature caused by spermatogenic disorders, the emergence of less refined.
8. Nutritional factors: The lack of nutrients such as amino acids, folic acid, vitamin A, E, and trace element zinc, which are required for spermatogenesis, can cause low sperm function.
9. Drugs: Some drugs can cause temporary or permanent damage to sperm production, such as: a large number of corticosteroids, androgens, gonadotropin-releasing hormone, reserpine, furans, cimetidine, azaectidine Bipyridine, spironolactone, colchicine and some antibiotics, some alkyl compounds in cancer chemotherapy drugs.
10, environmental factors: long-term exposure to pesticide chemicals, certain organic solvents and heavy metals, drugs, radiation and high temperature can lead to low spermatogenic function, resulting in less refined or azoospermia.
11. Chronic diseases: Infertility patients with oligospermia caused by renal insufficiency, mainly hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis dysfunction, may have varying degrees of hypogonadism.
12, other factors: long-term hobby of tobacco and alcohol, often wearing tight pants and regular sauna can cause less sperm.
Examine
an examination
Related inspection
Semen examination testicular biopsy genital examination semen color sperm motility
Oligozoospermia is usually not of concern to male friends because it has no special symptoms and is generally not easily detectable. This disease can lead to infertility. Therefore, experts recommend that male friends go to a professional hospital for examination to find out the cause of the disease. At present, the diagnosis of oligozoospermia can be achieved through examination.
Diagnosis
Differential diagnosis
Low sperm survival rate: low sperm survival rate refers to sperm survival rate (dead sperm is greater than 50%), sperm morphology (normal morphology sperm less than 70%), semen acid phosphatase (less than 2.5 to 60,000 units / ml), semen Fructose (less than 150-800 mg / 100 ml).
Low sperm motility: Sperm vitality is an indicator of the comprehensive evaluation of sperm quantity and quality. It includes the number of normal active sperm in semen, ie sperm motility, and the quality of normal active sperm, ie sperm motility. The method of diagnosis of sperm motility is not yet unified, but it tends to a five-level classification. The content is: level 0 is no vitality. Level 1 is poorly vibrating, indicating that the sperm moves or moves in place only. Level 2 is medium in vitality, indicating that the sperm swims straight ahead but is not active. Level 3 is good for vitality, indicating good sperm motility, and level 4 is very active, indicating that the sperm is actively moving forward in a straight line. Sperm hypoactivity refers to sperm motility below level 2, and the number of active spermatozoa is less than 50%.
Sperm quality decline: sperm quality decline refers to the number of sperm, survival rate and activity capacity, density, etc. are reduced at the same volume level.
Too many dead sperm: Death syndrome refers to multiple semen examinations, and sperm are dead. Under normal circumstances, semen excreted within 1 hour of the body, the normal survival of sperm should be more than 70%, such as dead sperm more than 40% will affect pregnancy. Sperm survival time should maintain a 6-hour survival rate of more than 20%, such as no survival of sperm within 6 hours, can cause infertility.
Oligozoospermia is usually not of concern to male friends because it has no special symptoms and is generally not easily detectable. This disease can lead to infertility. Therefore, experts recommend that male friends go to a professional hospital for examination to find out the cause of the disease. At present, the diagnosis of oligozoospermia can be achieved through examination.
