conjunctival hyperemia
Introduction
Introduction Under normal circumstances, the blood vessels of the bulbar conjunctiva are squatting, in a "sleeping" state, and there is no blood in the blood vessels, so the sclera always looks so white and flawless. When encountering bacteria, viruses, etc., the "sleeping" blood vessels will be immediately "awakened" and then expanded. Then the red blood swarmed from all sides, and the sclera became red. The most striking symptom of inflamed eyes is redness. If you have acute or chronic conjunctivitis, various keratitis, iridocyclitis, scleritis, glaucoma, chemical burns on the eyes, etc., you may have different degrees of eye congestion. Eyeball congestion is divided into two types: shallow and deep. The former is bright red, called "conjunctival hyperemia"; the latter is dark red, called "ciliary congestion". Both have a "mixed congestion". The different congestion in these cases is very meaningful in the examination and diagnosis of doctors. It is also an important basis for judging the severity of eye diseases, but it is difficult for ordinary laymen to distinguish clearly. Some people think that the more the eyes are red, the more serious the condition. Some people don't care too much about the redness. actually not. For example, acute conjunctivitis, acute onset, and heavy congestion, but it is not a serious illness, if there is no special situation, it will not cause major problems, it is easier to cure. However, for chronic iridocyclitis, scleritis, glaucoma and other diseases, the symptoms of congestion are not obvious, but it is a serious eye disease that cannot be ignored. Most of the internal eye diseases are not congested on the outside, but they may cause blindness. So don't judge the severity of eye disease from the weight of red eye or the congestion of eyes.
Cause
Cause
(1) acute iridocyclitis: the pathogenesis of the iris ciliary body is very complicated, most of the causes are unknown, may be related to autoimmune diseases such as rheumatism and tuberculosis, syphilis, viral infections and so on.
(2) Acute conjunctivitis: a common epidemic eye disease caused by bacterial and viral infections, which is highly contagious. Symptoms: The onset is urgent, both eyes have a simultaneous or sequential onset, and the affected eyes have tingling, itching, and foreign body sensation. In severe cases, there is photophobia and burning sensation, and vision is generally unaffected.
(3) Keratitis: Most keratitis is caused by foreign infections. Mild corneal trauma is often the cause of infection. Common pathogens are bacteria, fungi, viruses, and the like. In addition, corneal immune dysfunction or malnutrition can cause keratitis. Body shape: eye pain, foreign body sensation, eyelids, fear of light, tearing, sudden drop in vision, etc.
Examine
an examination
Related inspection
Ophthalmic examination ophthalmoscopy
(1) Provocation test: A provocation test is a test that simulates a natural morbid condition, causes a mild allergic episode with a small amount of allergen, and determines an allergen. It is mainly used for type I allergic reactions and sometimes for the examination of type IV allergic reactions. This method can exclude false positive reactions and false negative reactions in skin tests, especially when skin tests or other tests fail to obtain positive results.
The challenge test is divided into a specific challenge test and a non-specific challenge test. Non-specific challenge is to use heptamine or methylcholine as a mist inhalation to observe the patient's sensitivity to type I allergic reaction, so as to conduct etiological analysis or efficacy determination; specific challenge is to use antigen to test, clear allergen Have a certain value. Depending on the location of the patient, different organ stimulation tests can be performed, often with bronchial provocation test (BPT), nasal mucosal challenge test, and conjunctival challenge test.
(2) corneal photolithography: corneal phototherapy is one of the methods for the treatment of exposed keratitis, exposure keratitis (exposure keratitis) is common in various lesions of cleft palate, resulting in corneal exposure and blinking Movement disorders, tears can not properly wet the cornea and corneal epithelial damage.
Diagnosis
Differential diagnosis
Congestion and redness of the eye is one of the common signs in ophthalmology patients. It is often said that red eye is a general concept, which refers to conjunctival hyperemia and ciliary congestion. Conjunctival hyperemia is limited to conjunctival disease or related superficial stimulation, while ciliary congestion includes diseases of the cornea, sclera, and anterior pigmentation, often with certain severity. In some cases, both types of hyperemia can exist at the same time. This condition is called mixed hyperemia.
(1) Acute iridocyclitis: visual decline with obvious photophobia, tearing, pain, pain can be radiated to the eyebrow arch, ankle and forehead. Vision loss is accompanied by significant photophobia, tearing, and pain, which can be radiated to the eyebrows, ankles, and forehead.
(2) acute conjunctivitis: eyelid swelling, conjunctival congestion, secretions are mostly bacterial, mucinous or purulent. In the morning, the eyes are closed by secretions. The secretion of viral infection is mostly watery, and may be accompanied by corneal lesions, swelling of the ear and submandibular lymph nodes and tenderness.
(3) keratitis: keratitis caused by different causes have their own characteristics, but the basic signs are orbital edema, conjunctival hyperemia, bulbar conjunctiva mixed with congestion and edema, corneal opacity or ulcer formation, deposits visible behind the cornea, anterior chamber There may be empyema inside.
