Frostbite of feet
Introduction
Introduction Foot frostbite refers to inflammation of the foot caused by cold. Mainly occurs in the hands, feet, and face. ear. Such as ulcers and redness, pain, usually keep warm, local hot compress, massage and treatment with frostbite cream. An abnormal reaction of the body to the cold. Foot frostbite is a localized inflammatory lesion caused by cold during the cold winter or early spring. It occurs at the distal ends of the limbs and exposed areas such as the hands, feet, nose, ears, earlobes and cheeks. Modern medicine believes that because of the poor cold tolerance of the skin of the patient, coupled with the cold invasion, the skin of the distal skin contracts or sputum, leading to local blood circulation disorder, resulting in tissue damage caused by oxygen and nutrient deficiency.
Cause
Cause
An abnormal reaction of the body to the cold. Foot frostbite is a localized inflammatory lesion caused by cold during the cold winter or early spring. It occurs at the distal ends of the limbs and exposed areas such as the hands, feet, nose, ears, earlobes and cheeks. Modern medicine believes that because of the poor cold tolerance of the skin of the patient, coupled with the cold invasion, the skin of the distal skin contracts or sputum, leading to local blood circulation disorder, resulting in tissue damage caused by oxygen and nutrient deficiency. Chinese medicine believes that the occurrence of this disease is due to the lack of yang in the patient, the feeling of cold and dampness, making the blood run poorly, and the blood stasis is blocked.
Examine
an examination
Related inspection
Skin elasticity test skin color skin test
Skin lesions are pruritic localized edematous erythema, unclear, blisters, erosions and ulcers. From the beginning to the limit of broad bean to fingernail size purple red lump or induration, the edge is bright red, the center is blue purple, the touch is cold, the pressure fades, the recovery is slow after pressing, the conscious part has a feeling of bloating, itching, even more after the heat In severe cases, there may be blisters, ulcers formed after rupture, and prolonged unhealed.
symptom
Frostbite: Injury to the epidermis. Local redness, swelling, itching, pain, heat. After about 1 week, it became crusted. II degree frostbite: injury to the dermis layer. Red, swollen, painful, itchy, obvious, local blisters, no healing after 2 to 3 weeks of infection. III degree frostbite: deep subcutaneous tissue. Early redness and large blisters, the skin turned from pale to blue-black, the perception disappeared, and the tissue showed dry necrosis. Grade IV frostbite: Injuries to muscles and bones. Dry and wet gangrene occurs, requiring skin grafting and amputation.
Diagnosis
Differential diagnosis
Differential diagnosis of foot frostbite:
1. Dry sole of the foot: Dry sole of the foot refers to the epidermal hyperplasia of the skin of the sole of the foot, which is dry, loses elasticity, and the stratum corneum of the skin is brittle, causing the epidermis to split.
2, foot ulcers: leprosy ulcers generally occur in the vicinity of the foot and the limbs joints.
3, foot gangrene: diabetic foot lesions refers to: diabetic patients due to vascular disease caused by insufficient blood supply, due to neuropathy caused by sensory loss and infection with foot changes. Patients who have amputated for diabetic foot disease are 5 to 10 times more likely than non-diabetics. In fact, similar pathological changes can occur in other parts of the body, except that the incidence of foot lesions is significantly higher than in other areas. The main manifestations of diabetic foot are lower extremity pain and skin ulcers. From light to heavy, it can be intermittent claudication, lower limb rest pain and foot gangrene. In the early stage of the disease, the physical examination can detect the lack of blood supply to the lower limbs. For example, when the lower limbs are raised, the skin of the feet is pale, and when the lower limbs sag, it is purple-red. The feet are cold, and the dorsal artery pulsation weakens and disappears. Intermittent claudication is when the patient sometimes walks and suddenly feels pain in the lower extremities, and has to walk limping. Rest pain is the result of further development of lower extremity vascular disease. Not only does the lower limbs supply insufficient blood when walking, but also the lower limbs are painful because of blood. In severe cases, patients can sleep at night. The disease develops further, and the lower limbs, especially the feet, can be necrotic, and the wounds are unhealed for a long time. In severe cases, they have to amputated to the disabled.
Skin lesions are pruritic localized edematous erythema, unclear, blisters, erosions and ulcers. From the beginning to the limit of broad bean to fingernail size purple red lump or induration, the edge is bright red, the center is blue purple, the touch is cold, the pressure fades, the recovery is slow after pressing, the conscious part has a feeling of bloating, itching, even more after the heat In severe cases, there may be blisters, ulcers formed after rupture, and prolonged unhealed.
