Nasal septum or nasal cartilage exposed
Introduction
Introduction Nasal septum or intranasal cartilage exposure is one of the symptoms of nasal bone fractures. Nasal bone fractures are mostly caused by trauma. Clinically, there are nasal tears and nosebleeds, which can be closed or open. Also often associated with other facial bone or skull base fractures.
Cause
Cause
The nose is located at the nose below the frontal bone and is the most prominent part of the human face. And the nasal bone structure is meager, and it is easy to cause fracture when wounded. Due to the different effects of violence, the degree of nasal bone fractures is different, and thus various image patterns are exhibited.
Examine
an examination
Related inspection
Otolaryngology CT examination of nasopharyngeal MRI
1. Nasal bleeding: At the time, there were almost all tears and nosebleeds of the nasal mucosa at the time of nasal bone fracture.
2. Local malformation: When the violence comes from one side, the ipsilateral nasal bone sinks, the contralateral bulge, and the nasal sinus deformity. The frontal violence often causes the nasal bones to fracture on both sides, and the nasal bridge collapses to form a saddle deformity. After 2 to 4 hours of injury, the soft tissue of the nose and the swelling of the eyelids and congestion were temporarily masked. With nasal septum dislocation or fracture, cartilage exposure in the nasal septum or nasal cavity can be seen.
3. Tendon pain and bone rubbing: the pain after the nasal bone fracture is not serious, but the tenderness of the fracture site is obvious, and often the bone rubbing can be touched. The lower edge of both nasal bones were palpated simultaneously with two fingers, and the fracture side lost normal hard resistance. If the patient has a nasal movement after the injury, the airflow may be dispersed in the nasal back and the ipsilateral eyelid through the mucosal tearing mouth, which may cause subcutaneous snoring.
Open nasal bone fractures generally suffer from severe trauma, often comminuted fractures, and often have other craniofacial fractures, which may have foreign bodies remaining in the wound. If there is a fracture of the sieve plate, there may be a cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea, which should be noticed. When the diagnosis of nasal bone fracture is not clear, the lateral X-ray film helps to determine the location of the fracture line and the displacement of the flap.
Diagnosis
Differential diagnosis
The disease generally has a history of obvious trauma, but it should be differentiated from normal nasal bone mutations during diagnosis to avoid misdiagnosis.
Each piece of the nasal bone is an irregular trapezoidal bone piece. The nasal bone constitutes the upper 1/2 bony skeleton of the outer nose. The lower part of the nose is cartilage and soft tissue structure. The nasal bone is anatomically adjacent to the maxillary frontal process, the lacrimal bone and the frontal bone nose. They are tightly joined together by bone connections to form normal nasal frontal, nasal and intersegral bones. The nasal bone is thin, and the bone is gradually thickened from the tip of the nose to the root of the nose. With special anatomical parts, it is easy to fracture when traumatic, and it is easy to involve adjacent bone structures to form a composite fracture. In addition to the normal nasal bone sutures that are sometimes misdiagnosed as fractures, normal variations in the nasal bones should also be brought to the attention of the diagnostician. These normal variations include "adduction" or "external" variations of the nasal bone, intersegmental bone, and "hump-like" or "garbanchoric" nasal tip variations. The suture bone is located near the suture, and it is a free round or round-shaped small bone piece. It is inlaid rather than prolapsed like the "hump-like" or "gargle-like" variation of the nasal tip; The variants of "hook" or "external sputum" are mostly characterized by bilateral symmetry adduction or external apex of the nasal bone tip, and the bone continuity is good. Knowing the normal variation of these nasal bones can reduce the misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis of nasal bone fractures.
