ankle pain
Introduction
Introduction Ankle joint: It consists of the articular surface of the lower end of the humerus and the talus block, so it is also known as the talar calf joint. The lower joint surface of the humerus and the internal and external ankle joint surfaces are combined to form a "" shaped joint socket, which accommodates the talar block (joint head). Since the joint of the pulley is wide and narrow in front, when the foot is dorsiflexed, the wider front enters. In the socket, the joint is stable; but in the case of plantar flexion, the lower part of the trough enters the fossa when the downhill is down, the ankle joint is loose and can be used for lateral movement. At this time, the ankle joint is prone to sprain, and the most common inversion injury is seen. Because the external hemorrhoids are longer and lower than the internal hemorrhoids, it can prevent excessive valgus of the talus.
Cause
Cause
The etiology and pathogenesis is an external force that damages the muscles and muscles of the tendons, causing obstruction of the meridians and stagnation of blood and blood. The pain comes from the extra-articular soft tissue in the following aspects:
1. The posterior tibial tendon sheath is posteriorly inferior.
2. Tendonar tenosynovitis of the posterior tibial muscle.
3. Damage to the sacral sinus fat pad.
4. Damage to the attachment of the anterior joint of the ankle.
5. After the fat (ie followed by) fat pad.
The cause of ankle pain may be caused by rheumatism.
The ankle pain caused by rheumatism will be characterized by joint stiffness and pain in the early stage, pain in the morning, and pain relief after a while. At this time, the patient often does not pay attention. After several months of prolonged pain, the pain is aggravated, the ankle joint is felt, and the activity is inflexible. Gradually point the leg and appear a gait. The ankle joint is more normal than the bone, the synovial membrane is swollen, and the joint function is limited to varying degrees. When the active or passive joint is active, different degrees of friction sound can be touched, and the late stage has different degrees of deformity. Late ankle joint activity is significantly limited.
Examine
an examination
Related inspection
Bone and joint MRI
Common symptoms are local swelling, pain, ecchymosis, and limited limb activity.
First, physical examination
Taking a medical history gives us a first impression and revelation, and also guides us to a concept of the nature of the disease.
Second, laboratory inspection
Laboratory examinations must be summarized and analyzed based on objective data learned from medical history and physical examination, from which several diagnostic possibilities may be proposed, and further consideration should be given to those examinations to confirm the diagnosis.
Diagnosis
Differential diagnosis
Swelling of the ankle joint: swelling of the ankle joint is inconvenient and painful during activity.
Ankle flexion contracture deformity: ankle flexion contracture deformity is common in clinic, which seriously affects the walking function of patients. The etiology is complicated, and the surgical plan should be designed according to the pathological characteristics of the deformity. Non-traumatic ankle contracture mainly includes contracture caused by increased muscle tone and secondary flexion deformity due to muscle loss of kinetic relaxation, and sacral flexion deformity caused by increased muscle tone. It is easy to relapse after surgery, and it is necessary to simultaneously transfer the high tension tendon to balance the muscle strength. Traumatic ankle flexion deformity is also divided into two types, ischemic contracture and secondary flexion contracture.
Purple-red ecchymoses around the calves and ankles: The purplish red spots around the calves and ankles are one of the clinical manifestations of varicose vein syndrome, and varicose syndrome (veneousvaricosesyndrome) includes varicose veins, venous insufficiency, or stasis dermatitis. And a group of diseases such as varicose veins of the calf. Common symptoms are local swelling, pain, ecchymosis, and limited limb activity.
