chemical skin burns
Introduction
Introduction Chemical skin burns are acute skin damage caused by chemicals that are normally or high-temperature, directly irritating to skin, corrosive, and chemically reactive, and may be associated with eye burns and respiratory damage. Certain chemicals can be poisoned by absorption through the skin and mucous membranes. It should be quickly removed from the scene, remove chemically contaminated clothing, gloves, shoes and socks, and immediately rinse thoroughly with plenty of running water. The rinsing time is generally required to be 20 to 30 minutes. The rinsing time should be prolonged after the alkaline substance is burned. Special attention should be paid to the eye and other special parts such as the flushing of the head, hands and perineum. After the burn wound is rinsed with water, reasonable neutralization treatment can be performed if necessary.
Cause
Cause
Chemical skin burns are acute skin damage caused by chemicals that are normally or high-temperature, directly irritating to skin, corrosive, and chemically reactive, and may be associated with eye burns and respiratory damage. Certain chemicals can be poisoned by absorption through the skin and mucous membranes.
1. Mild burns: II degree burns with a total area below 10%.
2, moderate burns: total area of 11% to 30% or III degrees below 10% of burns.
3, severe burns: any of the following, can be diagnosed as severe burns:
a) Burns with a total area of 31% to 50% or a degree of 11% to 20%.
b) Burns with a total area <30%, accompanied by severe eye, esophageal or upper respiratory tract injuries.
c) Burns on special parts such as the head, face, neck, hands, joints, etc., although the area is small, but it causes dysfunction, disfigurement, and disability.
4, special burns: the total area of more than 50% or III degree burns more than 20%, accompanied by severe parenchymal organ damage or lower respiratory tract damage.
Examine
an examination
Related inspection
Blood routine
1. According to the skin caused by acute skin damage caused by exposure to a chemical, such as erythema, blisters, eschar, can be diagnosed as a chemical burn.
2. Certain chemicals such as yellow phosphorus, phenol, hot barium chloride, cyanide, acrylonitrile, carbon tetrachloride, aniline, etc. can also be absorbed through the skin and mucous membranes, and the chemical poisoning is combined.
Diagnosis
Differential diagnosis
Alkali burns: common are caustic, ammonia, lime and so on. Alkali can dehydrate tissue cells and saponify fat. Alkali ions combine with proteins to form basic proteins that can penetrate into deep tissues. Therefore, if the early treatment is not timely, the wound can continue to expand or deepen, and cause pain, caustic burn wounds, early flushing or small blisters, generally deep. After the eschar or necrotic tissue falls off, the wound surface is sunken, and the edge sneaked, which often lasted for a long time. It is required to rinse with clean water for a first time after a burn, and it is generally not necessary to use a neutralizing agent. Asphalt burn: Asphalt is called tar, which has a high degree of adhesion. It is widely used in house construction, engineering anti-corrosion and moisture-proof, paving and so on. Liquid asphalt causes skin burns to be purely thermal and has no chemical damage. Its characteristics are not easy to remove, high heat, slow heat dissipation, so the wounds are often deep, and most occur in exposed parts of the skin, such as hands, feet, face and so on.
1. According to the skin caused by acute skin damage caused by exposure to a chemical, such as erythema, blisters, eschar, can be diagnosed as a chemical burn.
2. Certain chemicals such as yellow phosphorus, phenol, hot barium chloride, cyanide, acrylonitrile, carbon tetrachloride, aniline, etc. can also be absorbed through the skin and mucous membranes, and the chemical poisoning is combined.
