Sclera yellow staining
Introduction
Introduction More common in biliary obstruction, hepatocyte damage or hemolytic disease, due to elevated blood bilirubin, causing the skin mucosa to yellow, early or slightly seen in the sclera, more obvious when it is seen in the skin. Astragalus refers to hyperbilirubinemia. When serum bilirubin concentration is 17.1~34.2umol/L (1~2mg/d1), the jaundice is not visible to the naked eye. If the serum bilirubin concentration is higher than 34.2umol / L (2mg / d1), it is dominant jaundice.
Cause
Cause
1, Huang Wei.
2, carotene increased.
3, long-term use of drugs containing yellow pigment. The clinical manifestation is that the blood bilirubin is increased to cause yellow staining of the sclera, skin, mucous membranes and other tissues and body fluids. Biliary tract obstruction, hepatocyte damage, or hemolytic disease Certain liver diseases, gallbladder disease, and blood diseases often cause symptoms of jaundice. Usually, when the blood bilirubin concentration is higher than 2-3 mg/dL (34-51), these parts will have a color-identifiable color disease and an increase in blood bilirubin.
Examine
an examination
Related inspection
Urine routine urinary bilirubin (BIL) urinary biliary protobiliary (URO) combined with bilirubin (SDB, DBIL)
1. Yellow staining of tissues such as skin and sclera, when the jaundice is deepened, the time of regression is too late, the duration is too long, and the time exceeds the normal regression time, or the jaundice has subsided and appears again, or the jaundice gradually recedes after the rush hour and progresses. Exacerbation, urine, sputum, tears and sweat are also yellowed, and saliva generally does not change color.
2. Change in color of urine and feces When checking serum bilirubin, bilirubin exceeds 12 mg/dl, or rises too fast, and rises more than 5 mg/dl per day.
3, gastrointestinal symptoms, often abdominal distension, abdominal pain, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea or constipation and other symptoms.
4, the performance of bile saltemia, the main symptoms are: skin itching, bradycardia, abdominal distension, fat leakage, night blindness, fatigue, listlessness and headache.
Diagnosis
Differential diagnosis
Identification of the difference between physiological jaundice and pathological jaundice :
Neonatal jaundice may be physiological or pathological, although it is manifested as jaundice, but there is a difference between the two, which can be identified by the following characteristics.
Neonatal physiological jaundice is generally not deep and has the following characteristics:
1 Astragalus usually begins to appear 2-3 days after birth.
2 The jaundice gradually deepened and reached its peak on the 4th-6th day, and gradually eased later.
3 newborns born in full-term, jaundice usually disappears 2 weeks after birth, premature infants generally disappear 3 weeks after birth.
4 The degree of jaundice is generally not deep, the skin color is pale yellow, jaundice is often limited to the face and upper body. The general condition of the child is good, the body temperature is normal, the appetite is normal, the color of urine and urine is normal, and the growth and development are normal.
5 assay serum bilirubin exceeded normal 2mg / dl, but less than 12mg / d1. If the child's jaundice is the case, parents do not have to worry.
Pathological jaundice is caused by diseases, which causes abnormal metabolism of bilirubin. It occurs in a specific period of neonatal period, which makes physiological jaundice obviously aggravated and confused with physiological jaundice, which makes the diagnosis of jaundice difficult. .
However, pathological jaundice has some characteristics that are different from physiological jaundice:
1 The appearance of jaundice is too early and appears within 24 hours after birth.
2 The jaundice disappeared too late, lasted too long, exceeded the normal regression time, or the jaundice had subsided and appeared again, or the jaundice gradually retreated after the rush hour and progressed progressively.
3 The degree of jaundice is too heavy, often affecting the whole body, and the skin mucosa is obviously yellow.
4 When checking serum bilirubin, bilirubin exceeds 12 mg/dl, or rises too fast, and rises more than 5 mg/dl per day.
5 In addition to jaundice, accompanied by other abnormal conditions.
Therefore, when a child has jaundice, if any of the above five aspects, it should be highly valued by parents, so that pathological jaundice can be found early for timely treatment.
