scleral perforation
Introduction
Introduction Scleral perforation is less common. Smaller scleral wounds are easily overlooked, and only subconjunctival hemorrhage may be seen at the perforation. Large wounds are often accompanied by choroidal, vitreous and retinal damage and vitreous hemorrhage. Damage to the macula can cause a permanent center.
Cause
Cause
Causes:
Eyeball perforation is the most common hit by the metal splashing debris. Most of the injured are young and middle-aged workers; knives, needles, and thorns often occur in eyeballs, which are more common in children and life events. In the war or during training, you may be injured by the broken shrapnel.
Examine
an examination
Related inspection
General examination of ocular anterior chamber visual acuity ophthalmoscopy eye and sacral area CT examination
Clinical examination:
Careful examination of the injury mechanism, careful eye examination, it is not difficult to make a diagnosis.
1. Vision: The degree of vision loss varies depending on the location of the perforation. For example, simple perforation in the peripheral part of the cornea, the wound is small, and the visual acuity can be unaffected.
2. Anterior chamber: If the perforation is in the cornea or cornea, the aqueous humor is constantly overflowing, the front is shallow, and the wound is larger. The iris tissue can be pulled out and invaded in the wound, and the pupil is deformed; for example, the perforation is in the sclera, and the eye content is The wound is prolapsed and the depth of the anterior chamber can be unchanged or deepened. Should be carefully compared with both eyes.
3. Intraocular pressure: due to the perforation of the eye wall, the aqueous humor overflows, the eye content is released, and the intraocular pressure is significantly reduced. Be careful when checking the intraocular pressure, so as not to aggravate the release of the contents of the eye.
Diagnosis
Differential diagnosis
Scleral perforation identification:
1. Corneal perforation injury: common wounds are located in the cornea, leaving corneal leukoplakia after injury. When the wound is small, it often closes by itself, and only the spotted turbidity or white streaks are seen. Large wounds are often accompanied by iris prolapse and incarceration. At this time, there may be obvious eye pain, tearing and other irritation. Deeper penetration of the wound can cause perforation or rupture of the lens capsule, localized crystal turbidity, and even crystal rupture, and the crystal material is invaded into the wound or prolapsed.
2, corneoscleral perforation injury: the wound involving the cornea and sclera, can cause iris ciliary body, crystal and, prolapse and intraocular hemorrhage, accompanied by obvious eye pain and irritation.
