Testicular tenderness
Introduction
Introduction Testicular tenderness is caused by inflammation, injury, and tumors in the male reproductive system and its local tissues. It is one of the common symptoms in male clinics. Testicular tenderness can be broadly divided into: acute persistent pain and chronic recurrent pain, in which acute persistent pain is acute in testicular pain and more common in orchitis and injury. In the case of chronic pain, the lighter is prolonged. The pain is lighter, generalized, and has radioactive pain, so it is not easy to determine the exact part of the inflammation. Testicular pain is not necessarily proportional to the severity of inflammation. Some people have high neurological sensitivity. Mild inflammation can cause more severe pain, while some people are slower and feel less.
Cause
Cause
Causes:
1. Orchitis: Orchitis is the most common cause of testicular pain in men. Orchitis is caused by inflammation caused by testicles. In most cases, it is caused by the deterioration of testicular disease. The testicles feel painful due to the stimulation of inflammation. And the presence of orchitis can seriously damage the testicular function of the male, so that the testicular ability to produce sperm is reduced, if not treated in time, it will cause male infertility.
2. Epididymitis: causes testicular pain and epididymitis. The male epididymis is in close proximity to the testicles. Inflammation of the epididymis causes inflammation to spread to the testicles. Like orchitis, it can irritate the testicles and cause pain in the male testicles. Epididymitis also damages the testicles, leading to male infertility.
3. Scrotal inflammation: Inflammation of the scrotum is also the cause of male testicular pain. The scrotum is responsible for the growth and development of sperm and is responsible for the temporary storage of sperm. Inflammation of the scrotum not only stimulates the male testicles, but also damages the sperm in the seminal vesicle, causing sperm death, which reduces the male fertility and leads to male infertility.
4. Other inflammatory diseases: Causes of male testicular pain and other diseases such as prostatitis, male endocrine disorders, urinary tract infections, etc. These diseases can cause testicular pain in men.
Examine
an examination
Related inspection
Urinary routine blood routine bladder ultrasound examination of the prostate, seminal vesicles, ultrasound examination, scrotal ultrasound
In clinical practice, when you see testicular tenderness, you must first look at the history of urinary system diseases, clinical symptoms and signs; second, check blood routine, urine routine, bladder, prostate, urinary ultrasound to clear testicular tenderness The location, cause and severity of the disease provide the basis for further treatment.
(1) Smear examination:
Take the patient's urethral secretions or cervical secretions for Gram stain, and find Gram-negative diplococcus in polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Smear for patients with simple gonococcal anterior urethritis with a large amount of purulent secretion, the positive rate of this method is about 90%, which can be initially diagnosed. The pharyngeal smear found that Gram-negative diplococcus could not diagnose gonorrhea, because other Neisseria species are normal flora in the pharynx. In addition, smear positive for atypical symptoms should be further examined.
(2) Training and inspection:
Neisseria gonorrhoeae culture is an important evidence for diagnosis. The culture method is a sensitive method for male or female patients with mild or asymptomatic symptoms. As long as the culture is positive, the diagnosis can be confirmed. Before the genetic diagnosis was made, the culture was recommended by the World Health Organization. The only way to screen for gonorrhea.
Diagnosis
Differential diagnosis
Differential diagnosis of testicular tenderness:
1, testicular pain: testicular pain can be broadly divided into two cases, acute persistent pain and chronic recurrent pain, mostly due to orchitis and injury, testicular injury has a clear history of trauma.
2, testicular pain: pain is more common in orchitis and injury, orchitis in addition to blood infection, more common is the bacteria through the urethra retrograde to the epididymis and testis, causing epididymitis, orchitis, clinical manifestations of epididymis and testicular swelling and pain. There is a history of trauma and local swelling and congestion in the testicular injury. Strenuous exercise or sexual intercourse and violence can sometimes cause strong contraction of the cremaster muscle, which can cause the long testicles to twist and cause severe pain in the testicles. In the case of chronic pain, the lighter is prolonged. The pain is mild, generalized, and has radiation pain.
3, testicular acute pain: more common in orchitis and injury, orchitis in addition to blood infection, more common is the bacteria through the urethra retrograde to the epididymis and testis, causing epididymitis, orchitis, clinical manifestations of epididymis and testicular swelling and pain. Because the testicular torsion blocks the blood supply to the testicles, the testicles have severe scrotal swelling and skin edema in addition to severe pain. Relatively speaking, the diagnosis of acute pain is easier.
4, testicular chronic pain: lighter extension for a long time. The pain is lighter, generalized, and has radioactive pain, so it is not easy to determine the exact part of the inflammation. Testicular pain is not necessarily proportional to the severity of inflammation. Some people have a high degree of neurological sensitivity. Mild inflammation can cause more severe pain. Some people are slower and feel lighter. Some pain occurs after sex, which may be caused by high levels of hyperemia of the genitals and gonads due to sexual excitement. Some pains are caused by pain in the spermatic varices or other parts, such as testicular radiation pain caused by ureteral stones. At this time, it is necessary to carefully identify the real cause for effective symptomatic treatment.
