abnormal liver function
Introduction
Introduction Abnormal liver function is caused by certain pathogenic factors in the liver, which can cause damage to the liver's morphological structure (denaturation, necrosis, cirrhosis) and abnormal liver function. Mild damage, through the liver's compensatory function, generally does not cause obvious dysfunction; if the damage is more serious and extensive, causing obvious material metabolism disorders, detoxification function, bile formation and excretion disorders and bleeding tendency Abnormal functional changes, called hepatic insufficiency, is abnormal liver function. When abnormal liver function occurs, different treatment methods are adopted for different performances, such as: liver protection, yellowing, anti-virus, lipid-lowering and other symptomatic treatment.
Cause
Cause
There are many reasons for liver dysfunction, which can be summarized as the following categories:
1. Infection:
Parasites (Schistosomiasis, Clonorchis sinensis, Amoeba), Leptospira, bacteria, and viruses can cause liver damage. Among them, viruses are the most common (such as viral hepatitis).
2. Chemical poisoning:
For example, carbon tetrachloride, chloroform, phosphorus, strontium, arsenic, etc., can often destroy the enzyme system of liver cells, cause metabolic disorders, or inhibit the oxidative phosphorylation process, reduce atp production, leading to degeneration and necrosis of liver cells; some drugs For example, chlorpromazine, salicylic acid, certain iodine drugs, and antibiotics (such as tetracycline), even at therapeutic doses, can cause liver damage in a few people, which may be related to allergies.
3. Abnormal immune function:
Liver disease can cause abnormal immune response, and abnormal immune response is one of the important causes of liver damage. For example, humoral immunity and cellular immunity caused by hepatitis B virus can damage liver cells; hepatitis B virus surface antigen (hbsag), core antigen (hbcag), and e antigen (hbeag) can bind to the surface of liver cells and change liver. The antigenicity of the cell membrane causes autoimmunity. Another example is primary biliary cirrhosis. The patient's blood contains various antibodies (anti-small bile duct antibodies, anti-mitochondrial antibodies, anti-smooth muscle antibodies, anti-nuclear antibodies, etc.), and may also be an autoimmune disease.
4. Undernutrition:
In the absence of biliary methionine, methionine can cause liver fatty changes. This is because the transport of intrahepatic fat must first be converted to phospholipids (primarily lecithin), which is an essential component of lecithin. Methionine supplies a methyl group that synthesizes cholesteric. When these substances are deficient, the removal of fat from the liver is blocked, causing fatty changes in the liver.
5. Biliary obstruction:
Biliary obstruction (such as stones, tumors, mites, etc.) causes cholestasis. If the time is too long, hepatic cells may be caused by the damage of hepatocytes caused by retained bile and hepatic ischemia caused by intrahepatic dilated bile duct compression. Denaturation and necrosis.
6. Blood circulation disorders:
Such as chronic heart failure, causing liver congestion and hypoxia.
7. Tumor:
Such as liver cancer damage to liver tissue.
8. Genetic defects:
Some liver diseases are genetic diseases caused by genetic defects. For example, due to the inability of the liver to synthesize ceruloplasmin, copper metabolism is impeded, causing hepatolenticular degeneration; in the liver cells, there is a lack of 1-phosphoglucose galactosidase, and 1-galactose is not converted to 1-phosphate. Glucose accumulates, damages liver cells, and causes cirrhosis.
Examine
an examination
Related inspection
Liver function test liver, gallbladder, spleen CT examination
1, digestive dysfunction, causing loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, etc.
2, liver cell damage, resulting in increased levels of enzymes such as serum aminotransferase, and reduced cholinesterase, can cause fatigue, fatigue, sleep and so on.
3, abnormal metabolism of bile pigment, can cause jaundice.
4, glucose metabolism disorders, can cause changes in blood lipid levels, cholesterol synthesis and esterification capacity decreased.
5, fat metabolism disorders can form fatty liver.
6, albumin synthesis disorders, severe ascites, pleural effusion and so on.
7, vitamin metabolism disorders, can cause rough skin, night blindness, inflammation of the tongue and tongue, edema, skin bleeding, osteoporosis and so on.
8, clotting factor synthesis disorders, can cause gum bleeding, nose bleeding and so on.
9, abnormal hormone metabolism, can cause loss of libido, menstrual disorders, skin arteriolar dilatation, emergence of spider mites, liver palm, dark complexion and so on.
Diagnosis
Differential diagnosis
Identification:
Hepatitis B is a chronic infectious disease caused by hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. It is characterized by complicated pathogenesis, long course of disease, and chronic disease. The indicators of liver function and transfer enzyme are often abnormal. There are two main types of liver function tests, one is alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and the other is aspartate aminotransferase (AST). In general, abnormal liver function refers to the fact that these two transferases are high.
Most experts believe that if the ALT serum value exceeds the upper limit of 2.5 times and lasts for more than half a month, hepatobiliary disease can be considered. If the measured value exceeds the upper limit of 20 times, it is generally caused by hepatobiliary disease and is mainly caused by liver cell damage. If the hepatitis B virus marker is positive, it can be diagnosed as hepatitis B.
