lung infection
Introduction
Introduction Pulmonary infection refers to inflammation of the lung parenchyma including the terminal airway, alveolar cavity and interstitial lung. The cause of infection is most common, and it can also be caused by physicochemical, immune and drug. Pneumonia is typical and representative. Clinical difficulty in breathing, changes in body temperature, cough, increased sputum and changes in sputum traits. The cause is: inhalation injury, tracheotomy or intubation, aspiration, pulmonary edema, atelectasis, shock, surgical anesthesia, wound invasive infection, suppurative thrombophlebitis.
Cause
Cause
Most of the causes of pulmonary infection are inhalation injury, tracheotomy or intubation, aspiration, pulmonary edema, atelectasis, shock, surgical anesthesia, wound invasive infection, suppurative thrombophlebitis. Etiology classification:
1. Bacterial pneumonia: such as Streptococcus pneumoniae (ie pneumococci), Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus hemolyticus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
2. Pneumonia caused by atypical pathogens: Legionella, Mycoplasma and Chlamydia.
3. Viral pneumonia: such as coronavirus, adenovirus, influenza virus, cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex virus, etc.
4. Fungal pneumonia: such as Candida albicans, Aspergillus, and radiobacteria.
5. Pneumonia caused by other pathogens: such as rickettsia, toxoplasma, protozoa, parasites (such as lung hydatid, paragonimiasis, pulmonary schistosomiasis). People with low immunity (such as AIDS patients) are easily associated with infections such as Pneumocystis carinii, Legionella, Mycobacterium avium, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and Toxoplasma.
6. Pneumonia caused by physical and chemical factors: such as radiation pneumonia, gastric acid inhalation, chemical pneumonia caused by drugs, etc.
7. Mycoplasmal pneumonia: caused by pneumonitis gas. .
Examine
an examination
Related inspection
Chest CT examination through the chest wall acupuncture lung biopsy fungal culture examination
1, pay attention to whether there is inhalation injury, tracheotomy or intubation, aspiration, pulmonary edema, atelectasis, shock, surgical anesthesia, wound invasive infection, suppurative thrombophlebitis.
2, pay attention to whether there is difficulty in breathing, body temperature changes, cough, increased sputum and sputum traits. Clinical symptoms should be distinguished from burn toxemia or sepsis.
3, physical examination. In severely burned patients, there are many burns on the chest, making it difficult to obtain accurate chest signs. Therefore, you should pay attention to check carefully, with or without breathing changes and voices.
4, in order to clear the infection of bacteria, regular airway secretions should be cultured, preferably for bronchopulmonary lavage fluid culture to prevent pollution.
5, chest X-ray examination. The diagnosis of most lung infections after burns depends on X-ray examination. Chest radiographs should be taken routinely after injury and reviewed regularly. X-ray findings of pneumonia can be divided into small lesions, large lesions and large lobe, and small focal pneumonia is the most common.
Diagnosis
Differential diagnosis
Pulmonary purulent infection: Pathogenic bacteria such as pneumococcal invade the human blood circulation, and grow or reproduce in it, causing serious lung infection symptoms or poisoning symptoms. It is most common with pyogenic bacteria. Common features of suppurative inflammation, namely redness, swelling, heat, pain and dysfunction.
