disuse amblyopia
Introduction
Introduction Disuse of amblyopia means that in infancy, due to ptosis, corneal opacity, congenital cataract or too long covering time after eyelid surgery, light stimulation can not enter the eyeball, hinder or block the macula to receive form stimulation. Therefore, amblyopia is produced, so it is also called to block visual irritating amblyopia. During the visual development period, the best corrected visual acuity of one or both eyes due to monocular strabismus, uncorrected anisometropia, and high refractive error and form deprivation is lower than the corresponding age visual acuity, or the visual acuity of the two eyes differs by two or more lines.
Cause
Cause
During the visual development period, the best corrected visual acuity of one or both eyes due to monocular strabismus, uncorrected anisometropia, and high refractive error and form deprivation is lower than the corresponding age visual acuity, or the visual acuity of the two eyes differs by two or more lines.
The pathogenesis is not yet fully understood. Von Noorden speculated that neonates often have retinal or visual pathway bleeding, which may affect the normal development of visual function. Some congenital amblyopia is secondary to nystagmus.
Examine
an examination
Amblyopia to be checked:
1. Visual inspection.
2, refractive examination.
3. Strabismus examination.
4. Check the nature of fixation.
5, external eye and fundus examination.
6, double eye single vision check.
7, the corresponding examination of the retina.
8, fusion function check.
9, stereo vision inspection.
10. Contrast sensitivity.
11, P-VEP and P-ERG.
12. Full-field or half-field stimulation of a multi-view visual evoked potential topographic map.
Diagnosis
Differential diagnosis
Differential diagnosis of disuse amblyopia:
1. anisometropic amblyopia: anisometropic amblyopia has no strabismus, but has a hyperopia or astigmatism at a glance, blurred vision, resulting in refractive amblyopia, due to no appearance changes, often found in school or usual physical examination. Young children are sometimes found at home because they look at calendars or clocks with a single eye.
2, organic amblyopia: due to the birth of macular hemorrhage, resulting in irregular arrangement of cone cells, the occurrence of the eyes before the birth of the baby, so the prognosis is not good. Although some retinal and central nervous system can not detect obvious lesions, it is still considered to be an organic disease. It can not be found because of the existing examination methods. This type is conserved amblyopia and the treatment is ineffective.
3, strabismic amblyopia: strabismic amblyopia is caused by strabismus caused by diplopia and confusion, the patient feels uncomfortable, the central nervous system actively suppresses the visual impulse of the macula from the strabismus, the eye due to long-term inhibition of the macula, resulting in amblyopia called Strabismus amblyopia.
4, deprivation amblyopia: amblyopia refers to eyeball examination normal and monocular or binocular vision is not normal, and through the wearing glasses vision can not reach 0.8 or more, according to different types, medically divided amblyopia into strabismic amblyopia, hemiplegic paradox There are five categories of amblyopia, form deprivation amblyopia, refractive amblyopia, and congenital amblyopia. Form deprivation amblyopia: In infants and young children, due to corneal opacity, congenital cataract, or ptosis to block the pupil, the light stimulation can not fully enter the eye, depriving the macula of the opportunity to receive normal light stimulation, resulting in functional disorders amblyopia.
5, ametropia amblyopia: ametropia amblyopia, both eyes have obvious hyperopia, myopia, astigmatism, can not be blurred by a single eye, even if the visual acuity declines quickly. Treatment emphasizes that wearing glasses often, clear vision can restore vision, otherwise it is difficult to recover after serious. Medium and high refractive errors are one of the main causes of amblyopia, and 70% are hyperopic amblyopia. Amblyopia training is performed after correcting refractive errors as early as possible.
