Nasal odor
Introduction
Introduction Atrophic rhinitis, also known as stinky nose, is a slow-developing nasal atrophic inflammation characterized by atrophy of the nasal mucosa, periosteum, and bone. Severe with a typical stench, called snoring. More often than adolescence, women are more common than men. The cause is still unknown. Mainly manifested as dryness of the nose and nasopharynx, nasal congestion, nosebleeds, intranasal purulent sputum, olfactory disturbance, exhalation odor, headache, dizziness and so on.
Cause
Cause
1. Primary: It is still not very clear. The traditional view is that the disease occurs with endocrine disorders, autonomic disorders, bacterial (B. oxysporum, diphtheria-like) infections, malnutrition (vitamin A, B2, D, E deficiency), genetic factors, blood cholesterol The content is low and other factors. There are so many doctrines, but there is still no conclusion. In recent years, the disease has been found to be associated with a lack or imbalance of trace elements. Immunological studies have found that most patients with this disease have immune dysfunction, such as high-priced precipitin and lectin and other autoantibodies formed in the serum of patients, rosette test showed that T lymphocytes decreased, histochemistry study It was found that the content of lactate dehydrogenase in the nasal mucosa was reduced, and it was suggested that the disease may be an autoimmune disease.
2, secondary: such causes are clear, including: chronic rhinitis, long-term stimulation of purulent secretions of chronic sinusitis; high concentration of harmful dust, long-term stimulation of gas. Extensive damage to the nasal mucosa caused by multiple or inappropriate nasal surgery: special infectious diseases and damage to the nasal mucosa by tuberculosis, syphilis and leprosy.
Examine
an examination
Therefore, clinically, patients with nasal odor should be examined:
First, physical examination
Taking a medical history gives us a first impression and revelation, and also guides us to a concept of the nature of the disease.
Second, laboratory inspection
Laboratory examinations must be summarized and analyzed based on objective data learned from medical history and physical examination, from which several diagnostic possibilities may be proposed, and further consideration should be given to those examinations to confirm the diagnosis. Such as: blood routine, nose examination and so on.
Diagnosis
Differential diagnosis
Differential diagnosis of nasal odor:
1, nasal tuberculosis: nasal tuberculosis is a rare disease in the clinic, especially the primary is more rare, often with the presence of tuberculosis or throat tuberculosis.
2, allergic rhinitis: allergic rhintis (allergic rhintis), also known as allergic rhinitis, is an allergic disease of the nasal mucosa, and can cause a variety of complications. In recent years, the incidence rate has increased and become hot. According to statistics, allergic rhinitis accounts for about 40% of all rhinitis. Clinically, it is generally divided into perennial and seasonal. The prevalence of allergic rhinitis has a global trend of increasing year by year. Allergic rhinitis itself is not a serious disease, but it can affect the quality of life of patients (sleep, study, work, social and recreational activities), and can induce bronchial asthma, rhinosinusitis, nasal polyps, otitis media, etc., or Conjunctivitis should occur simultaneously.
3, infectious rhinitis: infectious rhinitis has acute rhinitis and chronic rhinitis. Nasal secretions are often mucinous or mucopurulent, and most of the secretions are neutrophils.
