recurrent pneumonia
Introduction
Introduction Repeated pneumonia is one of the clinical manifestations of swell and paralysis. The clinical manifestations of swell and paralytic diseases in newborns, young children and children, complete sputum bulging is mainly dyspnea, shortness of breath, repeated pneumonia, and gastrointestinal symptoms are not typical. "Eventration and Paralysis of the Diaphragm" refers to the completeness of the diaphragm, but an abnormal rise or high in a part of the whole sputum or sputum. The former is due to congenital diaphragmatic muscle dysplasia, and the latter is caused by sacral nerve injury. cause. According to statistics, it accounts for 1/10000 of the conventional adult chest.
Cause
Cause
A part of the sputum or sputum is abnormally rising or high, the former is caused by congenital diaphragmatic muscle dysplasia, and the latter is caused by sacral nerve injury.
1. Bacterial pneumonia such as Streptococcus pneumoniae (ie pneumococci), Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus hemolyticus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, green Pseudomonas and the like.
2. Pneumonia caused by atypical pathogens such as Legionella, Mycoplasma and Chlamydia.
3. Viral pneumonia such as coronavirus, adenovirus, influenza virus, cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex virus, etc.
4, pulmonary fungal diseases such as Candida albicans, Aspergillus, Cryptococcus, Pneumocystis and so on.
5. Pneumonia caused by other pathogens such as rickettsia, toxoplasma, parasites (such as lung hydatid, paragonimiasis, pulmonary schistosomiasis).
6, physical and chemical factors caused by pneumonia such as radiation pneumonia, gastric acid inhalation, drugs and other chemical pneumonia, in addition to normal sleep, can sleep at any time or place (such as walking, talking, eating and labor), not homemade. Each time lasts for a few minutes to several hours, it can be sent in a few days. Occurs in young men. In addition to normal sleep, you can fall asleep at any time or place (such as walking, talking, eating, and labor). Each time lasts for a few minutes to several hours, it can be sent in a few days.
Examine
an examination
Repeated pneumonia examination of pneumoperitoneum can help diagnose the disease, and can be used to scan the high-grade sputum, which is helpful for the diagnosis of difficult cases.
1, blood routine, urine routine, fecal routine.
2, X-ray inspection.
3, humoral immunity test (so-called humoral immunity (humoral inmunity), that is, Bcells produce antibodies to achieve the purpose of protection of the immune mechanism. The cells responsible for humoral immunity are B cells. The antigens of humoral immunity are mostly relative molecular mass above 10,000 Protein and polysaccharide macromolecules, viral particles and bacterial surfaces all have different antigens, so they can cause humoral immunity.).
4, liver function tests, renal function tests.
5, bacterial culture.
6, CT examination.
7, endoscopy.
Diagnosis
Differential diagnosis
1. Congenital (swelling) is due to developmental disorders in the embryo, impaired or incomplete development of the diaphragmatic fibers, and lack of thick collagen fibers. When the intra-abdominal pressure increases and the intra-thoracic negative pressure increases, the diaphragm swells into the chest cavity, causing various complications such as digestion, respiration, and circulatory system.
2, acquired (cicaria) often due to sacral neuropathic damage caused by diaphragmatic muscle atrophy or muscle fiber degradation, thinned part composed of elastic fiber tissue. Common in trauma, surgery and injury, neck and chest inflammation, neuritis, tumor or spinal tuberculosis and other compression damage to the phrenic nerve. The right phrenic nerve branch is obvious, so sputum bulging is more common on the right side, and bilateral dysplasia is rare.
Pneumoperitoneum can help diagnose the disease, and it can help with the diagnosis of difficult cases by scanning with high sputum.
