Medial sternum incision for thoracic surgical incision

Open heart and large vessel surgery; pericardial resection and anterior mediastinal tumor resection. Treatment of diseases: mediastinal tumor Indication Open heart and large vessel surgery; pericardial resection and anterior mediastinal tumor resection. Contraindications 1. The blood coagulation mechanism has serious obstacles. 2. Hypertension, diabetes, and some bleeding-prone diseases. Preoperative preparation 1. According to general nursing routine before general surgery. 2. Guide lung function training to prevent colds and prevent postoperative pulmonary complications. 3, according to the surgical site for skin preparation (1) posterior external incision: the median line of the anterior chest to the posterior spine line, including the underarm, from the horizontal line of the clavicle to the xiphoid. (2) Median incision: the posterior chest to the posterior line to the right posterior line, including bilateral underarms. (3) Three incisions of the esophagus: left neck, right chest (same posterior incision), abdomen (including umbilicus, perineum). (4) chest and abdomen combined incision: left chest (same posterior incision), left upper abdomen. 4. After the patient is sent to the operating room, prepare the monitoring instruments and routine rescue items. Surgical procedure Incision: Starting from 3 cm above the incision on the sternum, down to 3 cm below the xiphoid for a curved skin incision. Skin incisions should avoid overlapping with the sternal incision (Figure 1). Cut the skin and subcutaneous tissue, and cut the sternal periosteum in the middle of the electric knife. 2. Bluntly separate the posterior sternal space to reach the upper and lower divisions (Figure 2). 3. Use the sternum scissors or chainsaw to mediate the sternum (Figure 3). The sternal section was filled with bone wax to stop bleeding. 4. Open the chest and open the sternum to reveal the anterior mediastinum (Figure 4). 5. After the operation, use the medical wire to perforate the sternum or fix the sternum around the left and right edges of the sternum (Fig. 5). Interspersed skin intermittently.