partial mastectomy

Refers to local resection of the mammary gland and axillary lymph node dissection, followed by breast radiotherapy. Treating diseases: breast cancer Indication 1 focal non-invasive cancer, stage I breast cancer, also used for the treatment of stage II breast cancer. However, it is more suitable for small lesions; 2 The ratio of breast to gland is appropriate, and it does not significantly affect the appearance of the breast after excision; 3 There are only small calcifications in the breast, which can be cut by local excision; 4 According to preoperative mammography, chest X-ray, bone scan, B-ultrasound, etc., can exclude multiple lesions of the breast or distant metastasis; 5 patients specifically requested to retain the breast, and can cooperate with the doctor to adhere to treatment and follow-up. Contraindications It is not appropriate to perform this procedure in the following situations: 1 combined pregnancy; 2 2 or more primary cancers, especially in different quadrants, mammography shows microcalcification in multiple sites; 3 pathological examination showed extensive intraductal cancer lesions; 4 lesions located in the central region of the breast, especially close to the nipple site, surgery is difficult to retain the nipple; 5 breast area has been treated with radiotherapy is not appropriate to avoid excessive local exposure; 6 difficult to tolerate radiotherapy after systemic disease; 7 small breasts, large tumors, it is difficult to maintain the appearance of the breast after surgery; 8 after biopsy and surgical resection, the margin is still positive; 9 tumors > 4cm The first 3 are absolute contraindications, and the last 6 are relative contraindications. Preoperative preparation 1. Patients with poor physical condition before surgery, such as anemia, should be corrected before surgery to enhance the tolerance of the body. 2. The cancer is large. After the surgical resection, it is estimated that the suture can not be sutured. The donor area should be prepared and the skin graft should be prepared. Generally, the medial side of the affected side is taken, so the inside of the affected side must be prepared. 3. According to statistics, starting chemotherapy 3 to 5 days after surgery can improve survival rate and prolong survival. 4. Inflammatory breast cancer or huge breast cancer patients, radiotherapy can be performed first, so that the cancer is reduced, and then surgery is performed. 5. Breast cancer during pregnancy, need to stop pregnancy, pregnancy can promote the development of breast cancer. 6. In the morning, ban diet. 7. The chest wall of the affected side, the upper third of the upper arm, the armpit and the upper abdomen are prepared. 1. After the patient is awake, the blood pressure is stable, and the sitting position can be taken to facilitate drainage of the armpit. 2. Pay attention to the nature and quantity of the drainage fluid. Generally, it can be removed without any increase after 5 days. 3. Generally, the dressing is changed 5 days after surgery, and the edge of the knife can be seen. It can affect the healing between the flap and the chest wall too early. 4. Use broad-spectrum antibiotics systemically, in combination, and in large doses. 5. 5 to 7 days after surgery, you can start exercising the upper limbs of the affected side to promote the recovery of upper limb function. 6. Disassemble the line 7 to 9 days after surgery.